Medieval paintings are a significant part of the artistic heritage of the Middle Ages, spanning from the 5th to the 15th century. These artworks provide insights into the cultural, religious, and social aspects of the time period. The generic name given to paintings from the medieval period is Miniature Paintings.

Miniature Paintings:
Miniature paintings are small, highly detailed artworks that were often created as illustrations for manuscripts, such as religious texts, literary works, or historical chronicles. They are called "miniatures" because of their small size, typically measuring no larger than a few inches.

Characteristics:
- Intricate Details: Miniature paintings are known for their meticulous attention to detail. Despite their small size, artists managed to incorporate intricate patterns, delicate brushwork, and vibrant colors.
- Narrative Depiction: These paintings often depicted scenes from religious texts, historical events, or everyday life. They were used to visually enhance the text and convey narratives to viewers who may not have been able to read or understand the written content.
- Gold and Pigments: Miniature paintings frequently incorporated gold leaf or powdered gold, which added a luxurious and radiant quality to the artwork. Artists also used vibrant pigments made from minerals, plants, and insects to create rich and varied colors.
- Borders and Illumination: Miniatures were often surrounded by decorative borders, which featured elaborate motifs, floral patterns, or intricate geometric designs. The borders were sometimes further embellished with gold leaf or metallic inks. This practice is known as illumination.

Significance:
Miniature paintings played a crucial role in disseminating knowledge, religious teachings, and cultural values during the medieval period. They were not only decorative but also served educational and religious purposes. Often created by skilled artisans in monastic scriptoria or royal ateliers, these paintings were highly valued and sought after.

Examples:
Some notable examples of medieval miniature paintings include the Book of Kells, a lavishly illustrated manuscript of the Four Gospels, and the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry, a famous French illuminated manuscript from the 15th century.

In conclusion, the generic name given to paintings from the medieval period is Miniature Paintings. These small-scale artworks are characterized by their intricate details, narrative depictions, use of gold and pigments, and decorative borders. They played a significant role in the dissemination of knowledge and cultural values during the Middle Ages.