Phads: Horizontal cloth scrolls painted to honour folk deities

Phads are traditional paintings that originated in the state of Rajasthan, India. They are vibrant and colorful cloth scrolls that are used to depict the life and stories of folk deities, mainly Pabuji and Devnarayan. These paintings are an integral part of the Phad painting tradition, which has been passed down through generations of the Joshi family, who are the traditional artists responsible for creating these masterpieces.

Origin and Significance
Phad paintings have a rich history that dates back to the 12th century. They were initially created by the Joshi community, who were the bards and musicians of Rajasthan. These paintings were used as a visual aid during the recitation of epic tales and ballads. The artists would travel from village to village, unrolling these cloth scrolls and narrating the stories of heroic deities to the mesmerized audience.

Materials and Technique
Phads are large cloth scrolls, typically measuring around 30 feet in length and 5 feet in width. They are made using hand-woven cotton or silk fabric. The colors used in Phad paintings are derived from natural sources, such as minerals, vegetables, and plant extracts. The artists use a unique combination of bold lines, vivid colors, and intricate detailing to bring the stories to life.

Storytelling and Themes
Phad paintings primarily depict the life and heroic deeds of Pabuji and Devnarayan, who are revered as folk deities in Rajasthan. These stories are based on historical events, legends, and mythology. The paintings are divided into several horizontal panels, each depicting a different episode or scene from the narrative. The central panel usually portrays the main deity, surrounded by other characters and elements of the story.

Religious and Ritualistic Significance
Phad paintings hold great religious and ritualistic significance in Rajasthan. They are considered sacred and are used in various religious ceremonies and festivals. The artists, known as "Phadikars," are not only skilled painters but also custodians of the oral traditions associated with the stories depicted in these scrolls.

Preservation and Revival
Phad paintings are a unique art form that requires immense skill and dedication. However, in recent times, the tradition has faced challenges due to changes in lifestyle and the advent of modern technology. Efforts have been made to preserve and revive this art form by organizations and artists dedicated to keeping this cultural heritage alive. Today, Phad paintings are not only appreciated in India but also recognized and admired across the world for their intricate beauty and storytelling prowess.

In conclusion, phads are horizontal cloth scrolls painted to honor folk deities, particularly Pabuji and Devnarayan. They are an important part of Rajasthan's cultural heritage and are known for their vibrant colors, intricate detailing, and narrative storytelling. These paintings carry religious and ritualistic significance and are considered sacred in the communities that celebrate and preserve this traditional art form.