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In which century did the religious and social movements in the Gangetic valley begin?
- a)Fourth century BCE
- b)Sixth century BCE
- c)Fourth century CE
- d)Sixth century CE
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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In which century did the religious and social movements in the Gangeti...
Sixth century BCE marks the beginning of religious and social movements in the Gangetic valley in the form of Buddhism and Jainism.
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In which century did the religious and social movements in the Gangeti...
Introduction:
The religious and social movements in the Gangetic valley began in the sixth century BCE. This period witnessed the rise of various religious and philosophical traditions that had a lasting impact on the region and the Indian subcontinent as a whole.
Key Points:
1. Vedic Religion:
- Prior to the sixth century BCE, the predominant religious tradition in the Gangetic valley was Vedic religion.
- The Vedic religion was based on the hymns and rituals described in the Vedas, a collection of ancient scriptures.
- The Vedic religion was characterized by sacrificial rituals performed by priests, and the belief in multiple deities known as devas.
2. Rise of Jainism:
- In the sixth century BCE, several religious and social movements emerged in the Gangetic valley, challenging the dominant Vedic religion.
- One of the most significant movements was Jainism, founded by Lord Mahavira.
- Mahavira preached the importance of non-violence (ahimsa), truthfulness, and the pursuit of spiritual liberation (moksha) through self-discipline and renunciation.
3. Emergence of Buddhism:
- Another major religious movement that emerged during this period was Buddhism, founded by Siddhartha Gautama, later known as the Buddha.
- The Buddha rejected the authority of the Vedas and emphasized the importance of individual effort and moral conduct for attaining enlightenment (nirvana).
- Buddhism gained significant popularity in the Gangetic valley and spread to other regions, eventually becoming one of the major religions in Asia.
4. Heterodox Schools of Thought:
- Alongside Jainism and Buddhism, several other heterodox schools of thought emerged in the Gangetic valley during this time.
- These schools, known as the Shramana traditions, challenged the authority of the Vedas and offered alternative paths to spiritual liberation.
- Some of the prominent Shramana traditions included Ajivikas, who believed in the inevitability of fate, and Charvakas, who advocated materialism and rejected notions of an afterlife.
5. Social Reforms:
- The religious movements in the Gangetic valley also brought about significant social reforms.
- Jainism and Buddhism, in particular, emphasized the equality of all individuals and rejected the caste system.
- These movements provided opportunities for people from all social backgrounds to participate in religious and spiritual practices, challenging the traditional social hierarchy.
Conclusion:
The religious and social movements in the Gangetic valley began in the sixth century BCE, with the emergence of Jainism, Buddhism, and other heterodox schools of thought. These movements brought about significant changes in religious beliefs, philosophical traditions, and social structures, leaving a lasting impact on the region and shaping the course of Indian history.
The religious and social movements in the Gangetic valley began in the sixth century BCE. This period witnessed the rise of various religious and philosophical traditions that had a lasting impact on the region and the Indian subcontinent as a whole.
Key Points:
1. Vedic Religion:
- Prior to the sixth century BCE, the predominant religious tradition in the Gangetic valley was Vedic religion.
- The Vedic religion was based on the hymns and rituals described in the Vedas, a collection of ancient scriptures.
- The Vedic religion was characterized by sacrificial rituals performed by priests, and the belief in multiple deities known as devas.
2. Rise of Jainism:
- In the sixth century BCE, several religious and social movements emerged in the Gangetic valley, challenging the dominant Vedic religion.
- One of the most significant movements was Jainism, founded by Lord Mahavira.
- Mahavira preached the importance of non-violence (ahimsa), truthfulness, and the pursuit of spiritual liberation (moksha) through self-discipline and renunciation.
3. Emergence of Buddhism:
- Another major religious movement that emerged during this period was Buddhism, founded by Siddhartha Gautama, later known as the Buddha.
- The Buddha rejected the authority of the Vedas and emphasized the importance of individual effort and moral conduct for attaining enlightenment (nirvana).
- Buddhism gained significant popularity in the Gangetic valley and spread to other regions, eventually becoming one of the major religions in Asia.
4. Heterodox Schools of Thought:
- Alongside Jainism and Buddhism, several other heterodox schools of thought emerged in the Gangetic valley during this time.
- These schools, known as the Shramana traditions, challenged the authority of the Vedas and offered alternative paths to spiritual liberation.
- Some of the prominent Shramana traditions included Ajivikas, who believed in the inevitability of fate, and Charvakas, who advocated materialism and rejected notions of an afterlife.
5. Social Reforms:
- The religious movements in the Gangetic valley also brought about significant social reforms.
- Jainism and Buddhism, in particular, emphasized the equality of all individuals and rejected the caste system.
- These movements provided opportunities for people from all social backgrounds to participate in religious and spiritual practices, challenging the traditional social hierarchy.
Conclusion:
The religious and social movements in the Gangetic valley began in the sixth century BCE, with the emergence of Jainism, Buddhism, and other heterodox schools of thought. These movements brought about significant changes in religious beliefs, philosophical traditions, and social structures, leaving a lasting impact on the region and shaping the course of Indian history.
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In which century did the religious and social movements in the Gangetic valley begin?a)Fourth century BCEb)Sixth century BCEc)Fourth century CEd)Sixth century CECorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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