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Consider the following statements with reference to antiquity law in India:
  1. An antiquity can be any sculpture or painting that has been in existence for not less than one hundred years.
  2. It is not lawful for any person in India to export any antiquity other than the Central Government or any agency authorised by the Central Government.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
  • a)
    1 only
  • b)
    2 only
  • c)
    Both 1 and 2
  • d)
    Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
Consider the following statements with reference to antiquity law in I...
Explanation:
Statement 1:
- An antiquity can be any sculpture or painting that has been in existence for not less than one hundred years.
- This statement is correct as an antiquity is defined as an object that has been in existence for at least a hundred years in the context of Indian antiquity laws.
Statement 2:
- It is not lawful for any person in India to export any antiquity other than the Central Government or any agency authorised by the Central Government.
- This statement is also correct as per Indian antiquity laws which prohibit the export of antiquities by individuals without the authorization of the Central Government or its designated agencies.
Therefore, both statements 1 and 2 are correct. Indian antiquity laws aim to protect and preserve cultural heritage by regulating the export of antiquities and ensuring their proper documentation and conservation.
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Consider the following statements with reference to antiquity law in I...
Minister of State for Science and Technology, recently announced that 231 stolen antiques have been repatriated to India in the last nine years.
What is an antiquity?
  • The Antiquities and Art Treasures Act, 1972, implemented on April 1, 1976, defined “antiquity” as “any coin, sculpture, painting, epigraph or other work of art or craftsmanship; any article, object or thing detached from a building or cave; any article, object or thing illustrative of science, art, crafts, literature, religion, customs, morals or politics in bygone ages; any article, object or thing of historical interest” that “has been in existence for not less than one hundred years.”
  • For “manuscript, record or other document which is of scientific, historical, literary or aesthetic value”, this duration is “not less than seventy-five years.”
What do Indian laws say?
  • In India, Item-67 of the Union List, Item-12 of the State List, and Item-40 of the Concurrent List of the Constitution deal with the country’s heritage.
  • Before Independence, an Antiquities (Export Control) Act had been passed in April 1947 to ensure that “no antiquity could be exported without license.” In 1958, The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act was enacted.
  • Then in 1971, Parliament saw an uproar over the theft of a bronze idol from Chamba and some important sandstone idols from other places.
  • This, along with the UNESCO convention, prompted the government to enact The Antiquities and Art Treasures Act, 1972 (AATA), implemented from April 1, 1976.
  • The AATA states-
    • It shall not be lawful for any person, other than the Central Government or any authority or agency authorised by the Central Government in this behalf, to export any antiquity or art treasure…
    • No person shall, himself or by any other person on his behalf, carry on the business of selling or offering to sell any antiquity except under and in accordance with the terms and conditions of a licence.”
  • This licence is granted by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). After the AATA was implemented, the Centre asked traders in antiquities and art objects to declare their possessions of antiquities by June 5, 1976, and individual owners by July 5, 1976.
Hence both statements are correct.
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Consider the following statements with reference to antiquity law in India: An antiquity can be any sculpture or painting that has been in existence for not less than one hundred years. It is not lawful for any person in India to export any antiquity other than the Central Government or any agency authorised by the Central Government.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a)1 onlyb)2 onlyc)Both 1 and 2d)Neither 1 nor 2Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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