Chemicals from common salt:

Common salt, also known as sodium chloride (NaCl), is a compound made up of sodium and chloride ions. When dissolved in water, it dissociates into its ionic form, producing sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions. These ions can be used to produce a variety of chemicals, including:

1. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH): Sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda, is a strong base used in the production of paper, textiles, and detergents. It is produced by the electrolysis of a solution of sodium chloride, which separates the sodium and chloride ions.

2. Hydrochloric acid (HCl): Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid used in the production of chemicals such as fertilizers, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. It is produced by the reaction of sodium chloride with sulfuric acid.

3. Chlorine gas (Cl2): Chlorine gas is a highly reactive gas used in the production of a variety of chemicals, including PVC plastics, solvents, and bleach. It is produced by the electrolysis of a solution of sodium chloride.

4. Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3): Sodium carbonate, also known as soda ash, is used in the production of glass, detergents, and other chemicals. It is produced by the reaction of sodium chloride with ammonia and carbon dioxide.

Raw materials from which common salt is obtained:

Common salt is found in large deposits in the earth's crust and is also present in seawater and some mineral springs. It can be obtained from a variety of sources, including:

1. Salt mines: Salt mines are underground mines where salt is extracted from salt deposits in the earth's crust. These deposits are formed by the evaporation of ancient seas and are found in many parts of the world.

2. Seawater: Seawater contains approximately 3.5% salt by weight and can be used as a source of salt through the process of evaporation. Seawater is pumped into large evaporation ponds where the water is allowed to evaporate, leaving behind salt crystals.

3. Salt pans: Salt pans are shallow ponds or basins where seawater is allowed to evaporate, leaving behind salt crystals. Salt pans are typically found in arid regions with high levels of sunshine and low levels of rainfall.

4. Mineral springs: Some mineral springs contain high concentrations of salt and can be used as a source of salt. The salt is extracted by evaporating the water from the spring, leaving behind salt crystals.

In conclusion, common salt can be used to produce a variety of chemicals, including sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, chlorine gas, and sodium carbonate. It can be obtained from a variety of sources, including salt mines, seawater, salt pans, and mineral springs.