Subsidiary Alliance: An Overview
The Subsidiary Alliance was a significant political strategy introduced by Lord Wellesley in 1798 during the British colonial expansion in India. This system aimed to consolidate British power and control over Indian princely states.

Key Features of the Subsidiary Alliance:
- **Military Support**: Under this system, Indian rulers were required to accept British troops stationed in their territories. This meant that the British could exert military influence and deter any external threats.
- **Non-Interference in Internal Affairs**: While Indian states had to accept British military presence, they were allowed to retain their sovereignty in internal matters, provided they adhered to British directives.
- **Financial Burden**: The Indian rulers were responsible for the maintenance of these British troops, which often strained their finances. This dependence made them vulnerable to British control.
- **Expansion of British Control**: The Subsidiary Alliance facilitated the expansion of British territory, as states that refused to comply would face military action or coercion.

Impact on Indian Politics:
- **Disintegration of Indian States**: Many princely states lost their autonomy and were either annexed or forced into alliances, leading to a fragmented political landscape in India.
- **Foundation for Future Policies**: The Subsidiary Alliance set a precedent for later policies, such as direct annexation, making it easier for the British to establish control over large parts of India.
In conclusion, Lord Wellesley’s Subsidiary Alliance was a pivotal strategy that not only strengthened British dominance but also laid the groundwork for the eventual colonization of India.