General and Specific Transfer of Learning

Transfer of learning refers to the extent to which knowledge and skills acquired in one context can be applied to a new context. There are two types of transfer of learning: general transfer and specific transfer.

General Transfer
General transfer refers to the transfer of learning from one task or domain to another task or domain that is quite different from the original task or domain. This type of transfer occurs when the learning from one task or domain is applied to a new task or domain that requires the same or similar cognitive processes. For example, learning to play chess may help a person to develop skills in problem-solving and strategic thinking that can be applied to other areas of life, such as business or academics. General transfer is often considered to be more difficult than specific transfer because the new task or domain is often less similar to the original task or domain.

Specific Transfer
Specific transfer refers to the transfer of learning from one task or domain to another task or domain that is similar in some way to the original task or domain. This type of transfer occurs when the learning from one task or domain is directly applied to a new task or domain that requires the same or similar cognitive processes. For example, learning to play basketball may help a person to develop skills in coordination, balance, and spatial awareness that can be applied to other sports, such as volleyball or soccer. Specific transfer is often considered to be easier than general transfer because the new task or domain is more similar to the original task or domain.

In conclusion, transfer of learning is an important concept in education and training. Understanding the differences between general and specific transfer can help educators and trainers to design effective learning experiences that promote the transfer of learning to new contexts.