**Chlorophyll: The Pigment Absorbing Solar Energy in Photosynthesis**

The correct answer to the question is option B, "Chlorophyll." Chlorophyll is the pigment that plays a crucial role in photosynthesis by absorbing solar energy from sunlight.

**Photosynthesis: The Process**

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose (a simple sugar). This process is vital for life on Earth as it is responsible for producing oxygen and is the primary source of energy for most organisms.

**Chlorophyll: The Green Pigment**

Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plant cells. It is responsible for the green color of plants and is essential for the process of photosynthesis. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the sun and converts it into chemical energy that can be used by the plant.

**Absorption of Solar Energy**

When sunlight reaches the plant's leaves, it is captured by the chlorophyll molecules. Chlorophyll is a complex molecule that contains a magnesium ion at its center, which allows it to absorb light energy effectively.

Chlorophyll mainly absorbs light in the red and blue regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. It appears green because it reflects green light while absorbing other wavelengths. The absorbed light energy is then used to power the process of photosynthesis.

**The Role of Chlorophyll in Photosynthesis**

1. Light Absorption: Chlorophyll absorbs solar energy from sunlight, capturing the light photons and converting them into chemical energy.

2. Energy Conversion: The absorbed light energy is used to power the conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2). This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

3. Oxygen Release: Oxygen is released as a byproduct of photosynthesis, which is vital for supporting life on Earth.

**Conclusion**

In photosynthesis, solar energy is absorbed by the pigment called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is responsible for capturing light energy from sunlight and converting it into chemical energy that can be used by plants. This process is vital for the production of oxygen and the sustenance of life on Earth.