UPSC Sociology Optional Syllabus

The syllabus for the UPSC Sociology optional subject is designed to assess the candidates' understanding of sociological concepts, theories, and their application in society. It aims to test their knowledge and analytical skills in the field of sociology. The syllabus is divided into various sections that cover different aspects of sociology.

Paper I
1. Sociological Thinkers:
- Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, and their contributions to sociological theory
- Theories of social change: Marxist, Durkheimian, and Weberian
- Structural-functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism

2. Research Methodology and Methods:
- Sociological methods and techniques: observation, interview, questionnaire, and case study
- Sampling methods and techniques
- Quantitative and qualitative research methods
- Sociological research design and data analysis

3. Social Change and Development:
- Theories and concepts of social change
- Social development and underdevelopment
- Social movements and social change
- Modernization and its impact on society

4. Indian Society:
- Diversity and unity in Indian society
- Caste system, class structure, and social stratification in India
- Gender and society in India
- Rural and agrarian social structure in India

Paper II
1. Stratification and Mobility:
- Concepts and theories of social stratification
- Dimensions of social stratification: class, caste, gender, and ethnicity
- Social mobility and its types

2. Works and Economic Life:
- Industrialization and its impact on work and employment
- Informal sector, labor market, and globalization
- Division of labor and social inequality
- Labor movements and trade unions

3. Politics and Society:
- Sociological theories of power and politics
- Political parties, pressure groups, and social movements
- Political elites and bureaucracy
- Democracy and its institutions

4. Religion and Society:
- Sociological perspectives on religion
- Religious practices, rituals, and beliefs
- Secularism and communalism
- Social change and religious movements

Conclusion
The UPSC Sociology optional subject syllabus covers a wide range of topics related to sociological theories, research methodology, social change, Indian society, stratification and mobility, economic life, politics, and religion. It requires candidates to have a deep understanding of sociological concepts and theories and their application in various social contexts.