One of the most important aspects of preparing for the sociology optional exam is staying updated with current affairs. This helps candidates to understand the application of sociological concepts and theories in real-world scenarios. Here are some specific current affairs topics that you should focus on for the sociology optional exam:

1. Social Movements:
- Farmers' protests: Analyze the sociological aspects of the ongoing farmers' protests in India, such as the impact of globalization, agrarian distress, and social inequality.
- #MeToo movement: Understand the social implications of the #MeToo movement, including the dynamics of power, gender relations, and the role of social media in facilitating social change.

2. Gender and Sexuality:
- LGBTQ+ rights: Examine the sociological dimensions of LGBTQ+ rights, including the struggle for recognition, identity formation, and social discrimination.
- Gender pay gap: Analyze the causes and consequences of the gender pay gap, and its intersection with various social factors such as patriarchy, occupational segregation, and cultural norms.

3. Caste and Social Inequality:
- Reservation policy: Explore the sociological aspects of the reservation policy in India, including its historical context, impact on social mobility, and challenges in its implementation.
- Dalit empowerment: Understand the sociological dynamics of Dalit empowerment movements, including the struggle against caste-based discrimination, identity politics, and social mobility.

4. Globalization and Social Change:
- Impact of technology: Analyze the social implications of technological advancements, such as automation, artificial intelligence, and social media, on various aspects of society, including employment, communication, and social relationships.
- Migration and globalization: Examine the sociological dimensions of international migration, including the causes, consequences, and social integration of migrants in different societies.

5. Environmental Issues:
- Climate change: Understand the sociological dimensions of climate change, including its impact on vulnerable communities, social movements for climate justice, and the role of social institutions in addressing environmental challenges.
- Sustainable development: Analyze the sociological aspects of sustainable development, including the tensions between economic growth, social equity, and environmental conservation.

By focusing on these current affairs topics, candidates can develop a deeper understanding of the sociological concepts and theories, and their practical applications in contemporary society.