Successful Administrative Initiatives:
- Aadhaar:
The Aadhaar initiative launched by the Indian government is a prime example of a successful administrative initiative. Aadhaar is a unique identification number issued to Indian residents, which serves as proof of identity and address. This initiative aimed to streamline the delivery of welfare services, eliminate duplicate and ghost beneficiaries, and promote financial inclusion. Aadhaar has been successful in achieving these objectives by enabling direct benefit transfers, reducing leakages and corruption, and reaching millions of unbanked individuals.

- Swachh Bharat Mission:
The Swachh Bharat Mission, launched in 2014, is another successful administrative initiative in India. It aimed to achieve universal sanitation coverage and promote cleanliness and hygiene practices. Through a combination of awareness campaigns, construction of toilets, and behavior change initiatives, the mission has made significant progress in improving sanitation infrastructure and practices in both rural and urban areas. It has also led to increased awareness and a change in mindset regarding the importance of cleanliness and hygiene.

Failed Administrative Initiatives:
- Demonetization:
Demonetization, implemented in India in 2016, was an administrative initiative aimed at curbing black money, corruption, and counterfeit currency. However, the sudden withdrawal of high-denomination currency notes led to significant disruptions in the economy, especially for the informal and cash-dependent sectors. The move failed to achieve its intended objectives as most of the demonetized currency returned to the banking system, and the impact on black money and corruption was limited.

- Goods and Services Tax (GST) Implementation:
While the Goods and Services Tax (GST) implementation in India was a significant administrative reform aimed at creating a unified tax structure, it faced several challenges and can be considered a partially failed initiative. The complex structure, frequent changes in tax rates, and technical glitches in the GST network impacted businesses, especially small and medium enterprises. The implementation process was marred by confusion, compliance issues, and initial disruption to supply chains.

Overall, successful administrative initiatives like Aadhaar and the Swachh Bharat Mission demonstrate the potential for effective governance and positive outcomes. However, failed initiatives like demonetization and challenges faced during GST implementation highlight the importance of proper planning, stakeholder consultation, and effective implementation strategies to ensure the success of administrative initiatives.