Key Areas Covered in Paper 2 of the Public Administration Syllabus:

1. Development Administration:
- Concept and meaning of development administration
- Theories of development administration
- Role of administration in development
- Strategies for development administration
- Issues and challenges in development administration

2. Comparative Public Administration:
- Comparative study of public administration systems in different countries
- Approaches to comparative public administration
- Comparative analysis of administrative structures, processes, and practices
- Lessons from successful and unsuccessful administrative experiences

3. Administrative Reforms and Administrative Systems:
- Concept and meaning of administrative reforms
- Approaches to administrative reforms
- Evaluation of administrative reforms in India
- Role of administrative systems in good governance
- Issues and challenges in administrative reforms

4. Personnel Administration:
- Concept and meaning of personnel administration
- Recruitment, training, and career development of civil servants
- Performance appraisal and promotion policies
- Ethics and values in personnel administration
- Issues and challenges in personnel administration

5. Financial Administration:
- Concept and meaning of financial administration
- Budgeting and financial management in public administration
- Accounting and auditing in public administration
- Financial control and accountability
- Issues and challenges in financial administration

6. Local Government and Urban Governance:
- Concept and meaning of local government
- Structure and functions of local government institutions
- Decentralization and devolution of powers
- Urban governance and urban local bodies
- Issues and challenges in local government and urban governance

7. Public Policy and Analysis:
- Concept and meaning of public policy
- Policy formulation, implementation, and evaluation
- Policy analysis tools and techniques
- Policy implementation and coordination
- Issues and challenges in public policy and analysis

8. E-Governance and Information Technology:
- Concept and meaning of e-governance
- Use of information and communication technology in public administration
- E-governance initiatives and applications
- Digital India program and its impact
- Issues and challenges in e-governance and information technology

9. International Relations and Global Administration:
- Concept and meaning of global administration
- International organizations and their role in global administration
- Global governance and international cooperation
- Administrative challenges in a globalized world
- Issues and challenges in international relations and global administration

Each of these areas is important for understanding the principles, theories, and practices of public administration. Studying these topics provides insights into the functioning of administrative systems, policy-making processes, and the challenges faced in implementing public programs.