- Plato: Plato was an ancient Greek philosopher and the founder of the Academy in Athens. His ideas are included in the syllabus because he made significant contributions to various fields such as philosophy, ethics, politics, and metaphysics. Plato's concept of ideal forms, his theory of knowledge, and his ideas on justice and the ideal state are particularly emphasized in the syllabus.

- Aristotle: Aristotle, a student of Plato, is another important philosopher whose ideas are included in the syllabus. His works cover a wide range of subjects including logic, ethics, politics, and metaphysics. Aristotle's ideas on virtue ethics, the golden mean, and his theories on causality and the nature of reality are some of the key concepts taught in the syllabus.

- Immanuel Kant: Kant was an influential German philosopher of the 18th century. His ideas have had a profound impact on various disciplines such as ethics, epistemology, and metaphysics. Kant's moral philosophy, particularly his concept of the categorical imperative, is extensively covered in the syllabus. His theories on knowledge, perception, and the nature of reality are also important topics.

- John Stuart Mill: Mill was a British philosopher and political economist of the 19th century. His works on utilitarianism, liberty, and ethics are included in the syllabus. Mill's ideas on individual freedom, the greatest happiness principle, and his critique of social and political institutions are important topics covered.

- Karl Marx: Marx was a German philosopher, economist, and political theorist. His ideas on Marxism, class struggle, historical materialism, and the critique of capitalism are included in the syllabus. Marx's theories on the alienation of labor, the role of the proletariat, and the concept of communism are key topics covered.

- Friedrich Nietzsche: Nietzsche was a German philosopher known for his critiques of traditional morality and his concept of the "will to power." His ideas on nihilism, the death of God, and the Ubermensch are included in the syllabus. Nietzsche's critiques of religion, morality, and his concept of the eternal recurrence are also important topics covered.

- Jean-Paul Sartre: Sartre was a French philosopher and existentialist thinker. His ideas on existentialism, freedom, and the nature of consciousness are included in the syllabus. Sartre's concept of "existence precedes essence" and his theories on authenticity and bad faith are key topics covered.

These are just a few examples of the thinkers and philosophers whose ideas are included in the syllabus. Each of them has made significant contributions to the field of philosophy and their ideas continue to shape our understanding of various concepts and principles.