Introduction:
The duration of preparation for the sociology optional subject depends on various factors such as prior knowledge, study schedule, and availability of resources. However, a well-structured preparation strategy for the sociology optional subject typically takes around 4-6 months.

Understanding the Syllabus:
Before starting the preparation, it is essential to thoroughly understand the syllabus of the sociology optional subject. This will help you identify the key topics and prioritize your study accordingly.

Building a Study Plan:
Creating a study plan is crucial to ensure systematic and effective preparation. Here is a suggested study plan for sociology optional subject:

1. Initial 1-2 months: During this period, focus on building a strong foundation. Start by reading standard textbooks such as "Sociology: Themes and Perspectives" by Haralambos and Holborn, "Sociology: Principles of Sociology with an Introduction to Social Thought" by C.N. Shankar Rao, and "Sociological Theory" by George Ritzer. Familiarize yourself with the basic concepts and theories of sociology.

2. Next 1-2 months: In this phase, deepen your understanding of the subject by studying advanced topics and thinkers. Refer to books like "Contemporary Social Theory and Its Classical Roots" by George Ritzer and Jeffrey Stepnisky, "Sociology: A Global Introduction" by John Macionis and Ken Plummer, and "Indian Society: Structure and Change" by S.C. Dubey. Additionally, make use of online resources such as EduRev for practice questions and mock tests.

3. Final 1-2 months: Allocate this period for revision and practicing answer writing. Revise the entire syllabus, focusing on key concepts, thinkers, and sociological perspectives. Solve previous years' question papers and participate in mock tests to enhance your answer writing skills and time management.

Additional Tips:
- Make use of diagrams, flowcharts, and mind maps to understand and remember complex sociological theories and concepts.
- Engage in group discussions or join online forums to discuss and exchange ideas with fellow aspirants.
- Regularly revise and update your notes to ensure retention of information.
- Analyze and critically evaluate contemporary social issues to develop a holistic understanding of sociology.
- Seek guidance from experienced mentors or join coaching institutes specializing in sociology optional subject.

Conclusion:
The ideal duration of preparation for the sociology optional subject is around 4-6 months. However, it is important to customize the study plan based on individual strengths and weaknesses. Consistent effort, dedication, and a strategic approach will help you ace the sociology optional subject in the UPSC examination.