Introduction:
Preparing for the sociology optional syllabus for the UPSC exam requires a comprehensive strategy that covers both the depth and breadth of the subject. This can be achieved by following a systematic approach and utilizing various resources effectively.

1. Familiarize yourself with the syllabus:
- Begin by thoroughly understanding the entire syllabus for sociology optional.
- Break down the syllabus into different topics and subtopics to create a structured study plan.

2. Refer to the recommended books:
- Start with standard textbooks recommended for sociology optional by UPSC.
- Some popular books include "Sociology: Themes and Perspectives" by Haralambos and Holborn, "Sociology: Principles of Sociology with an Introduction to Social Thoughts" by C.N. Shankar Rao, and "Sociology: Themes and Perspectives" by M. Francis Abraham.

3. Study the previous year question papers:
- Analyze the previous year question papers to understand the pattern, type of questions, and weightage given to different topics.
- This will help you identify the important areas to focus on and prioritize your preparation accordingly.

4. Make concise notes:
- While studying, make concise notes on each topic, highlighting the key concepts, theories, and important examples.
- These notes will act as a quick revision tool and help in retaining the information effectively.

5. Practice answer writing:
- Answer writing is crucial for scoring well in the sociology optional paper.
- Regularly practice writing answers to previous year question papers or mock tests.
- Pay attention to structuring your answers, using relevant examples, and presenting your arguments effectively.

6. Supplement your preparation with current affairs:
- Sociology is a dynamic subject that is closely linked to society and current affairs.
- Stay updated with recent sociological developments, social issues, and government policies related to society.
- Read newspapers, magazines, and online resources to enhance your understanding of the subject in the current context.

7. Join a test series:
- Enroll in a good test series specifically designed for sociology optional.
- Regularly attempt mock tests and evaluate your performance.
- This will help you identify your strengths and weaknesses and work on them accordingly.

8. Discuss and interact:
- Join sociology optional study groups or online forums where you can discuss and interact with fellow aspirants.
- Engage in healthy debates, exchange ideas, and clarify doubts.
- This will enhance your understanding of different perspectives and broaden your knowledge base.

Conclusion:
To ensure that your preparation strategy covers both the depth and breadth of the sociology optional syllabus, it is essential to have a systematic approach. By following the steps mentioned above, you can effectively cover the entire syllabus, understand the concepts in depth, and be well-prepared for the UPSC exam.