Overview:
The syllabus for researching human rights and social justice in the UPSC category is designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the principles, theories, and practices related to these topics. It aims to equip students with the necessary knowledge and skills to critically analyze and evaluate issues related to human rights and social justice.

Syllabus Coverage:
The syllabus covers a wide range of topics related to researching human rights and social justice, including but not limited to:

1. Introduction to Human Rights
- Definition and historical development of human rights.
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and other international human rights instruments.

2. Theoretical Perspectives on Human Rights
- Different theoretical approaches to understanding human rights.
- Critiques and debates surrounding the concept of human rights.

3. Human Rights Institutions and Mechanisms
- United Nations human rights system.
- Regional human rights mechanisms.
- Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and their role in promoting and protecting human rights.

4. Human Rights Violations and Remedies
- Types of human rights violations (civil, political, economic, social, cultural).
- Mechanisms for addressing human rights violations (legal, political, social).

5. Social Justice and Equality
- Concepts of social justice and equality.
- Intersectionality and its role in understanding social justice.

6. Research Methods in Human Rights and Social Justice
- Qualitative and quantitative research methods.
- Ethical considerations in research on human rights and social justice.

Approach and Pedagogy:
The syllabus adopts an interdisciplinary approach, drawing on insights from fields such as law, political science, sociology, and philosophy. It encourages students to critically engage with theoretical frameworks, case studies, and empirical research on human rights and social justice.

The pedagogy includes:

1. Lectures and Readings:
- Students will be provided with comprehensive reading materials, including textbooks, research articles, and reports.
- Lectures will be delivered by experts in the field, who will provide an overview of key concepts and theories.

2. Case Studies and Group Discussions:
- Students will be encouraged to analyze real-world case studies and engage in group discussions to critically evaluate issues related to human rights and social justice.

3. Research Projects:
- Students will be required to undertake individual or group research projects on specific topics related to human rights and social justice.
- They will be guided on research methodologies, data collection, analysis, and presentation of findings.

4. Guest Lectures and Workshops:
- Eminent scholars, activists, and practitioners will be invited to deliver guest lectures and conduct workshops on specific themes or topics.

Evaluation and Assessment:
Students' understanding and mastery of the syllabus will be assessed through a variety of methods, including:

1. Examinations:
- Written examinations will assess students' knowledge, understanding, and critical analysis of key concepts, theories, and case studies.

2. Research Projects:
- Students' research projects will be evaluated based on their research design, methodology, analysis, and presentation of findings.

3. Class Participation and Discussions:
- Active participation in class discussions, group work, and presentations will be taken into account for assessment.

4. Assignments and Quizzes:
- Regular assignments and quizzes will be given to assess students' comprehension and application of the syllabus content.

The syllabus for researching human rights and social justice provides a comprehensive and rigorous framework for students to develop a deep understanding of