Introduction:
In the field of Political Science and International Relations (PSIR), the study of technological disruptions, artificial intelligence (AI), and digital diplomacy has become increasingly important. These advancements have significant implications for state sovereignty, cybersecurity, and the conduct of international relations within the framework of international politics. One effective method to explore these implications is through the use of case studies.

Benefits of Case Studies:
1. In-depth Analysis: Case studies allow for a thorough examination of specific instances or scenarios, providing a detailed analysis of the factors at play.
2. Real-world Application: By examining real-life examples, case studies offer practical insights into how technological disruptions, AI, and digital diplomacy impact state sovereignty, cybersecurity, and international relations.
3. Contextual Understanding: Case studies provide the opportunity to understand the complexities and nuances surrounding these issues within the broader context of international politics.
4. Identifying Patterns: Through the analysis of multiple case studies, patterns and trends can be identified, contributing to a deeper understanding of the implications of technological disruptions and digital diplomacy.
5. Rich Data: Case studies often involve extensive data collection, including interviews, surveys, and archival research, which can provide valuable information for analysis.

Implications for State Sovereignty:
1. Challenges to Traditional Sovereignty: Technological disruptions and digital diplomacy can challenge the traditional concept of state sovereignty as they enable non-state actors to exert influence and power.
2. Shifts in Power Dynamics: AI and digital technologies can alter the power dynamics among states, leading to a reconfiguration of power relations within the international system.

Implications for Cybersecurity:
1. New Threat Landscape: Technological disruptions and AI can create new vulnerabilities and threats in cyberspace, requiring states to adapt their cybersecurity strategies.
2. Emerging Defense Mechanisms: Case studies can shed light on innovative cybersecurity measures employed by states to counter emerging threats.

Implications for the Conduct of International Relations:
1. Diplomatic Communication and Negotiations: Digital diplomacy has transformed the way states communicate and negotiate, requiring adaptations in diplomatic practices and protocols.
2. Norms and Governance: The rise of AI and digital technologies necessitates the development of new norms and governance mechanisms to regulate their use in international relations.

Conclusion:
Case studies provide a valuable framework to explore the implications of technological disruptions, AI, and digital diplomacy on state sovereignty, cybersecurity, and the conduct of international relations. They offer an in-depth analysis, real-world application, and the ability to identify patterns and trends. By examining specific cases, researchers can gain a contextual understanding of these complex issues and contribute to the broader field of PSIR.