Introduction:
When preparing for the Public Administration optional for the UPSC exam, it is advisable to adopt a combination of both active and passive revision methods. This approach ensures a well-rounded and comprehensive understanding of the subject matter, allowing for effective retention and application of knowledge.

Active Revision Methods:
Active revision methods involve engaging with the material and actively processing the information. These methods include:

1. Reading: Reading the recommended textbooks and reference materials is essential to gain a thorough understanding of the concepts and theories in Public Administration.

2. Summarizing: Summarizing the key points, theories, and case studies helps consolidate the information and aids in better retention. It also enables quick revision before the exam.

3. Teaching: Explaining the concepts to others, such as friends or study groups, not only reinforces your own understanding but also helps identify any gaps in your knowledge.

4. Practicing: Solving previous years' question papers and mock tests allows you to apply the knowledge gained. It helps in identifying the areas that require further revision and enhances problem-solving skills.

5. Testing: Taking regular tests and quizzes helps in evaluating your progress and identifying areas of weakness. It also helps in improving time management skills and exam temperament.

Passive Revision Methods:
Passive revision methods involve reviewing the material without actively engaging with it. These methods can be used in conjunction with active revision methods to reinforce learning and improve retention. Passive revision methods include:

1. Listening: Listening to audio lectures or podcasts on Public Administration topics can help reinforce key concepts and theories.

2. Watching: Watching educational videos or documentaries related to Public Administration can provide visual aids and real-world examples, enhancing understanding and retention.

3. Reviewing: Revisiting class notes, highlighting important points, and creating mind maps can help reinforce key concepts and improve memory recall.

4. Discussing: Participating in group discussions or online forums allows for the exchange of ideas, different perspectives, and clarification of doubts.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, a combination of active and passive revision methods is recommended for a well-rounded and comprehensive approach to studying Public Administration for the UPSC exam. Active methods engage with the material, while passive methods reinforce learning. By incorporating both approaches, candidates can enhance their understanding, retention, and application of knowledge, thereby increasing their chances of success in the exam.