- Begin by identifying the specific topic or subtopic you need information on.
- Use academic databases like JSTOR, Google Scholar, or ResearchGate to search for articles and journals related to your topic.
- Ensure that the articles are recent and from reputable sources.


- Start by reading the title, abstract, and introduction to grasp the main idea and relevance of the article.
- Pay attention to keywords, concepts, and arguments presented in the article.
- Look for any references or citations that may be useful for further research.


- Carefully examine the headings, subheadings, and paragraph structure of the article.
- Scan for any bold or italicized text, as it often highlights important points or key arguments.
- Look for any diagrams, charts, or tables that may provide visual representations of the information.


- The conclusion often summarizes the main findings of the article. Pay close attention to the author's key insights and recommendations.
- The discussion section may provide additional analysis or critique of the research. This can help you understand the broader implications of the article.


- Use a highlighter or underline key points, arguments, and evidence presented in the article.
- Take notes in your own words to summarize the main ideas and arguments.
- Include any relevant quotes and page numbers for future reference.


- Compare the information extracted from the article with other reputable sources to validate the accuracy and reliability of the information.
- Look for common themes, differing perspectives, or contrasting evidence from multiple sources.


- After extracting information from multiple articles, take time to reflect on the different viewpoints and arguments presented.
- Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of each argument and consider how they contribute to your understanding of the topic.
- Formulate your own opinion and use the extracted information to support your arguments.

By following these strategies, you can effectively extract valuable information from academic articles and journals for your PSIR (Political Science and International Relations) preparation. Remember to always critically analyze the information and cross-reference with other sources to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the topic.