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What are the different types of faults and their characteristics according to the syllabus?
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Types of Faults and their Characteristics
1. Normal Fault:
A normal fault occurs when the hanging wall moves downward with respect to the footwall. Its characteristics include:
- The fault plane is inclined and extends in a vertical direction.
- The hanging wall moves downward due to tensional forces.
- Normal faults are associated with the stretching and thinning of the Earth's crust.
- They are commonly found in areas with active tectonic forces and are often associated with fault-block mountains.
2. Reverse Fault:
A reverse fault occurs when the hanging wall moves upward with respect to the footwall. Its characteristics include:
- The fault plane is inclined and extends in a vertical direction.
- The hanging wall moves upward due to compressional forces.
- Reverse faults are associated with the shortening and thickening of the Earth's crust.
- They are commonly found in areas where two tectonic plates collide, resulting in the formation of fold mountains and thrust faults.
3. Thrust Fault:
A thrust fault is a type of reverse fault with a low angle of fault plane inclination. Its characteristics include:
- The fault plane is inclined at a low angle, usually less than 45 degrees.
- The hanging wall moves over the footwall in a horizontal or slightly upward direction.
- Thrust faults are associated with large-scale crustal deformation and the formation of fold mountains.
- They are commonly found in areas where two tectonic plates collide, resulting in the compression of the Earth's crust.
4. Strike-Slip Fault:
A strike-slip fault occurs when the movement of the fault plane is predominantly horizontal, with minimal vertical displacement. Its characteristics include:
- The fault plane is vertical or near-vertical.
- The lateral displacement of the blocks occurs horizontally along the fault line.
- Strike-slip faults are associated with shearing forces and the lateral movement of crustal blocks.
- They are commonly found in areas where two tectonic plates slide past each other, such as transform plate boundaries.
5. Transform Fault:
A transform fault is a specific type of strike-slip fault that occurs between two tectonic plates. Its characteristics include:
- The fault plane is vertical or near-vertical.
- The lateral displacement of the blocks occurs horizontally along the fault line.
- Transform faults are associated with the movement of two tectonic plates in opposite directions.
- They are commonly found in areas where two plates slide past each other, such as along mid-ocean ridges.
6. Oblique Slip Fault:
An oblique slip fault is a combination of both strike-slip and dip-slip movements. Its characteristics include:
- The fault plane is inclined and extends
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What are the different types of faults and their characteristics according to the syllabus?
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What are the different types of faults and their characteristics according to the syllabus? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about What are the different types of faults and their characteristics according to the syllabus? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for What are the different types of faults and their characteristics according to the syllabus?.
What are the different types of faults and their characteristics according to the syllabus? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about What are the different types of faults and their characteristics according to the syllabus? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for What are the different types of faults and their characteristics according to the syllabus?.
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