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Are there any specific plant biotechnology techniques or applications that I should be familiar with for the UPSC Botany optional subject exam?
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Plant Biotechnology Techniques and Applications for UPSC Botany Optional Exam
1. Genetic Engineering
- Recombinant DNA Technology: The process of combining DNA molecules from different sources to create a new genetic combination.
- Gene Cloning: The replication and production of multiple copies of a specific DNA segment.
- Transgenic Plants: Plants that have been genetically modified by introducing foreign genes into their genomes.
- Marker-Assisted Selection: The use of molecular markers to identify and select plants with desirable traits.
2. Plant Tissue Culture
- Micropropagation: The rapid multiplication of plants through the culture of small plant parts in a sterile environment.
- Somatic Embryogenesis: The development of embryos from somatic cells without the involvement of sexual reproduction.
- Protoplast Culture: The isolation and cultivation of plant cells without cell walls.
- Embryo Rescue: The technique of rescuing embryos from incompatible crosses and growing them in vitro.
3. Molecular Markers
- RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism): A technique for analyzing DNA variations by cutting DNA with restriction enzymes and separating the resulting fragments.
- SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat): Repeated DNA sequences used as markers to identify genetic variations.
- SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism): A variation at a single base pair in DNA.
- AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism): A PCR-based technique used to detect DNA polymorphism.
4. Molecular Breeding
- Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS): The use of molecular markers to identify and select plants with desirable traits.
- Genome Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are used to modify specific genes in plant genomes.
- Gene Silencing: Techniques like RNA interference (RNAi) are used to suppress the expression of specific genes.
- Transcriptomics and Proteomics: The study of gene expression and protein profiles to understand plant functions and traits.
5. Plant Transformation
- Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation: The use of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transfer genes into plant cells.
- Particle Bombardment: The use of gene guns to deliver DNA-coated particles into plant cells.
- Electroporation: The use of electric pulses to create temporary pores in plant cell membranes for DNA uptake.
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Are there any specific plant biotechnology techniques or applications that I should be familiar with for the UPSC Botany optional subject exam?
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Are there any specific plant biotechnology techniques or applications that I should be familiar with for the UPSC Botany optional subject exam? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Are there any specific plant biotechnology techniques or applications that I should be familiar with for the UPSC Botany optional subject exam? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Are there any specific plant biotechnology techniques or applications that I should be familiar with for the UPSC Botany optional subject exam?.
Are there any specific plant biotechnology techniques or applications that I should be familiar with for the UPSC Botany optional subject exam? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Are there any specific plant biotechnology techniques or applications that I should be familiar with for the UPSC Botany optional subject exam? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Are there any specific plant biotechnology techniques or applications that I should be familiar with for the UPSC Botany optional subject exam?.
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