Weightage of each paper in the Physics Optional Subject Exam:

The Physics Optional Subject Exam in UPSC is divided into two papers. Each paper carries a specific weightage, which is as follows:

Paper 1:
- Paper 1 consists of a total of 250 marks.
- It is further divided into two sections, Section A and Section B.
- Section A carries 125 marks, while Section B carries 125 marks as well.

Paper 2:
- Paper 2 also carries a total of 250 marks.
- It is also divided into two sections, Section A and Section B.
- Section A carries 125 marks, while Section B carries 125 marks as well.

Details of Paper 1:
- Paper 1 is designed to test the fundamental knowledge and understanding of various topics in physics.
- Section A consists of questions from classical mechanics, mathematical methods of physics, and electromagnetic theory.
- Section B covers topics such as quantum mechanics, thermodynamics and statistical physics, and solid-state physics, devices, and electronics.
- The weightage of each section is equal, i.e., 125 marks each.
- Within each section, the questions are further divided into sub-topics, and the weightage of each sub-topic may vary.

Details of Paper 2:
- Paper 2 focuses on advanced topics in physics and the application of concepts in various fields.
- Section A comprises questions from nuclear and particle physics, atomic and molecular physics, and optics.
- Section B includes questions related to condensed matter physics, astrophysics, and cosmology.
- The weightage of each section is equal, i.e., 125 marks each.
- Similar to Paper 1, the questions in Paper 2 are also further categorized into sub-topics, and the weightage may vary for each sub-topic.

Conclusion:
The Physics Optional Subject Exam in UPSC consists of two papers, each carrying a weightage of 250 marks. Paper 1 includes sections on classical mechanics, mathematical methods of physics, electromagnetic theory, quantum mechanics, thermodynamics, statistical physics, solid-state physics, devices, and electronics. Paper 2 covers topics in nuclear and particle physics, atomic and molecular physics, optics, condensed matter physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. It is important for candidates to thoroughly prepare and understand the weightage of each section and sub-topic to allocate their study time effectively and score well in the exam.