Introduction:
The philosophy of social and political processes in international relations encompasses various theoretical perspectives and case studies that examine the underlying principles and dynamics of social and political phenomena on the global stage. These case studies shed light on the complex interplay between states, institutions, and individuals, providing valuable insights into the nature of international relations.

Case Studies:

1. Realism vs. Liberalism:
- This case study explores the contrasting theories of realism and liberalism in international relations.
- Realism emphasizes the pursuit of national interests, power politics, and the anarchic nature of the international system.
- Liberalism, on the other hand, focuses on cooperation, interdependence, and the potential for peaceful resolutions.
- This case study examines how these two philosophies shape state behavior and influence the dynamics of international relations.

2. Constructivism and Norms:
- This case study delves into the constructivist perspective, which emphasizes the role of norms, ideas, and identities in shaping international relations.
- It explores how norms such as human rights, democracy, and sovereignty influence state behavior and shape international institutions.
- The case study analyzes the impact of norm diffusion, socialization, and contestation on the development and implementation of international norms.

3. Globalization and Transnationalism:
- This case study focuses on the social and political implications of globalization and transnationalism.
- It examines the interconnectedness of states, non-state actors, and global issues such as climate change, terrorism, and migration.
- The case study explores how globalization challenges traditional notions of sovereignty, state-centric politics, and the efficacy of international institutions.

4. Power and Hegemony:
- This case study investigates the role of power and hegemony in international relations.
- It analyzes the rise and decline of great powers, the dynamics of power transitions, and the impact of hegemonic stability on global order.
- The case study also explores the concept of soft power and its influence on state behavior and international outcomes.

5. Postcolonialism and Global South:
- This case study examines postcolonial perspectives on international relations, particularly focusing on the experiences and agency of formerly colonized countries.
- It highlights the impact of colonial legacies, power asymmetries, and Eurocentrism on global politics.
- The case study explores the struggle for decolonization, development, and the representation of the Global South in international institutions.

Conclusion:
These case studies provide valuable insights into the philosophy of social and political processes in international relations. By analyzing real-world examples and theoretical frameworks, they enhance our understanding of the complexities and dynamics of global politics.