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What significant changes did Lenin make to the theory and practice of communism as envisioned by Karl Marx?
  • a)
    Lenin emphasized spontaneous proletarian revolution.
  • b)
    Lenin introduced the idea of democratic centralism.
  • c)
    Lenin believed in the global spread of communism.
  • d)
    Lenin promoted the role of the middle class in communism.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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What significant changes did Lenin make to the theory and practice of ...
Lenin made two significant changes to communist theory and practice as envisioned by Karl Marx. One of these changes was the introduction of the concept of "democratic centralism," which emphasized that the communist party should have strict discipline and centralized decision-making. Full and vigorous debate within the party would lead to a decision that determined the party's "line" on an issue, after which the central leadership would close off debate and require adherence to the party line. This change aimed to ensure party unity and guide the masses to revolution.
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What significant changes did Lenin make to the theory and practice of ...

Introduction:
Lenin made significant changes to the theory and practice of communism as envisioned by Karl Marx, particularly through the introduction of democratic centralism.

Democratic Centralism:
Lenin introduced the concept of democratic centralism, which emphasized the importance of a strong central leadership within the communist party. This system allowed for open debate and discussion among party members, but ultimately decisions were made through democratic processes and were binding on all members. This centralized structure was designed to ensure unity of action and prevent factionalism within the party.

Key Changes:
- Lenin's emphasis on democratic centralism distinguished his approach from Marx's ideas of a more decentralized and spontaneous revolution.
- By implementing democratic centralism, Lenin was able to consolidate power within the Bolshevik party and maintain a strong, disciplined organization that could effectively pursue the goals of communism.
- This system also enabled Lenin to swiftly implement policies and strategies, leading to the successful October Revolution in 1917 and the establishment of the Soviet Union.

Impact:
- Lenin's introduction of democratic centralism marked a significant departure from Marx's original vision of communism, but it proved to be a crucial adaptation that allowed for the successful implementation of communist principles in practice.
- This change laid the foundation for the development of Leninism as a distinct ideological framework within the broader communist movement, influencing the course of revolutionary movements around the world.

In conclusion, Lenin's introduction of democratic centralism was a key change that significantly altered the theory and practice of communism, setting the stage for the establishment of the Soviet Union and shaping the course of communist ideology in the 20th century.
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Passage 1By going through literature on communalism, certain important aspects that are worth noting arise. First, arbitrary definitions and explanations, often due to the development of opposing schools of thought, have created vagueness around the phenomenon of communalism and its associations with the concept of community. Second, most of the writings on communalism are not on communalism per se. They are on Hindu communalism, Muslim communalism and the Hindu fundamentalism. The connection between communalism and communities is not addressed properly. Third, features of religious communalism - a presumed homogenous community and community consciousness - are also exhibited by sects, cults, castes and linguistic and regional communities. Such communities and their politics are not seen as a part of the restricted idea of communalism. This is why the use of the idea of the ethnic is considered more appropriate, for it can bring under its consideration the full range of such expressions. Fourth, occurrences of communal violence in southern Indian states, its spread to rural and hill areas where tribals and dalits are either involved or attacked, and a range of new subjects for contestation in contemporary times show that communalism is not a peculiar north Indian and urban phenomenon.Writings on communalism, even while highly analytical, consider community in terms of religion. This narrowing of communalism to apply only to religious communities has been uncritically inherited from colonial understandings of communities in India. To begin a discussion on communalism, it is necessary to see how it has been defined and explained, and how it has been associated with the term community. In a crude way, a group of people with some common bonds or notion of common identity can be treated as a community. Apparently, the association of communalism with community looks simplistic. An analysis of the characteristic features of communalism shows that the complex relationship between communalism and community has largely been overlooked. Jones defines communalism as consciously shared religious heritage which becomes the dominant form of identity for a given segment of society.Q. What is the reason that communalism has come to be identified only with religion?

Passage 1By going through literature on communalism, certain important aspects that are worth noting arise. First, arbitrary definitions and explanations, often due to the development of opposing schools of thought, have created vagueness around the phenomenon of communalism and its associations with the concept of community. Second, most of the writings on communalism are not on communalism per se. They are on Hindu communalism, Muslim communalism and the Hindu fundamentalism. The connection between communalism and communities is not addressed properly. Third, features of religious communalism - a presumed homogenous community and community consciousness - are also exhibited by sects, cults, castes and linguistic and regional communities. Such communities and their politics are not seen as a part of the restricted idea of communalism. This is why the use of the idea of the ethnic is considered more appropriate, for it can bring under its consideration the full range of such expressions. Fourth, occurrences of communal violence in southern Indian states, its spread to rural and hill areas where tribals and dalits are either involved or attacked, and a range of new subjects for contestation in contemporary times show that communalism is not a peculiar north Indian and urban phenomenon.Writings on communalism, even while highly analytical, consider community in terms of religion. This narrowing of communalism to apply only to religious communities has been uncritically inherited from colonial understandings of communities in India. To begin a discussion on communalism, it is necessary to see how it has been defined and explained, and how it has been associated with the term community. In a crude way, a group of people with some common bonds or notion of common identity can be treated as a community. Apparently, the association of communalism with community looks simplistic. An analysis of the characteristic features of communalism shows that the complex relationship between communalism and community has largely been overlooked. Jones defines communalism as consciously shared religious heritage which becomes the dominant form of identity for a given segment of society.Q. Which of the following is the author most likely to agree with?1. Communalism and community can be used interchangeably to talk about the same group of people2. Communalism can be defined as the religious heritage that gives rise to a particular community. Select the answer using the codes given below

Passage 1By going through literature on communalism, certain important aspects that are worth noting arise. First, arbitrary definitions and explanations, often due to the development of opposing schools of thought, have created vagueness around the phenomenon of communalism and its associations with the concept of community. Second, most of the writings on communalism are not on communalism per se. They are on Hindu communalism, Muslim communalism and the Hindu fundamentalism. The connection between communalism and communities is not addressed properly. Third, features of religious communalism - a presumed homogenous community and community consciousness - are also exhibited by sects, cults, castes and linguistic and regional communities. Such communities and their politics are not seen as a part of the restricted idea of communalism. This is why the use of the idea of the ethnic is considered more appropriate, for it can bring under its consideration the full range of such expressions. Fourth, occurrences of communal violence in southern Indian states, its spread to rural and hill areas where tribals and dalits are either involved or attacked, and a range of new subjects for contestation in contemporary times show that communalism is not a peculiar north Indian and urban phenomenon.Writings on communalism, even while highly analytical, consider community in terms of religion. This narrowing of communalism to apply only to religious communities has been uncritically inherited from colonial understandings of communities in India. To begin a discussion on communalism, it is necessary to see how it has been defined and explained, and how it has been associated with the term community. In a crude way, a group of people with some common bonds or notion of common identity can be treated as a community. Apparently, the association of communalism with community looks simplistic. An analysis of the characteristic features of communalism shows that the complex relationship between communalism and community has largely been overlooked. Jones defines communalism as consciously shared religious heritage which becomes the dominant form of identity for a given segment of society.Q. Consider the following statements:I. Most writings on communalism have been charged by religious sentimentII. Colonial understandings of communities in India are less relevant todayWith reference of the passage, which of the following assumptions is/are valid?

Directions (Q.51-57) for the following items:Read the following two passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on these passages only. Passage 1By going through literature on communalism, certain important aspects that are worth noting arise. First, arbitrary definitions and explanations, often due to the development of opposing schools of thought, have created vagueness around the phenomenon of communalism and its associations with the concept of community. Second, most of the writings on communalism are not on communalism per se. They are on Hindu communalism, Muslim communalism and the Hindu fundamentalism. The connection between communalism and communities is not addressed properly. Third, features of religious communalism - a presumed homogenous community and community consciousness - are also exhibited by sects, cults, castes and linguistic and regional communities. Such communities and their politics are not seen as a part of the restricted idea of communalism. This is why the use of the idea of the ethnic is considered more appropriate, for it can bring under its consideration the full range of such expressions. Fourth, occurrences of communal violence in southern Indian states, its spread to rural and hill areas where tribals and dalits are either involved or attacked, and a range of new subjects for contestation in contemporary times show that communalism is not a peculiar north Indian and urban phenomenon.Writings on communalism, even while highly analytical, consider community in terms of religion. This narrowing of communalism to apply only to religious communities has been uncritically inherited from colonial understandings of communities in India. To begin a discussion on communalism, it is necessary to see how it has been defined and explained, and how it has been associated with the term community. In a crude way, a group of people with some common bonds or notion of common identity can be treated as a community. Apparently, the association of communalism with community looks simplistic. An analysis of the characteristic features of communalism shows that the complex relationship between communalism and community has largely been overlooked. Jones defines communalism as consciously shared religious heritage which becomes the dominant form of identity for a given segment of society.Q. Consider the following statements:1. Communalism has a narrow definition of being inter-religious hence, intra- religious communalism is ignored.2. The scope of communalism needs to be studied in a broader perspective to bring in comprehensive understanding With reference of the passage, which of the following assumptions is/are valid?

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What significant changes did Lenin make to the theory and practice of communism as envisioned by Karl Marx?a)Lenin emphasized spontaneous proletarian revolution.b)Lenin introduced the idea of democratic centralism.c)Lenin believed in the global spread of communism.d)Lenin promoted the role of the middle class in communism.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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What significant changes did Lenin make to the theory and practice of communism as envisioned by Karl Marx?a)Lenin emphasized spontaneous proletarian revolution.b)Lenin introduced the idea of democratic centralism.c)Lenin believed in the global spread of communism.d)Lenin promoted the role of the middle class in communism.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2024 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about What significant changes did Lenin make to the theory and practice of communism as envisioned by Karl Marx?a)Lenin emphasized spontaneous proletarian revolution.b)Lenin introduced the idea of democratic centralism.c)Lenin believed in the global spread of communism.d)Lenin promoted the role of the middle class in communism.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for What significant changes did Lenin make to the theory and practice of communism as envisioned by Karl Marx?a)Lenin emphasized spontaneous proletarian revolution.b)Lenin introduced the idea of democratic centralism.c)Lenin believed in the global spread of communism.d)Lenin promoted the role of the middle class in communism.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?.
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