The correct answer is option C) Blue Nile River in Ethiopia.

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is a hydroelectric dam project located on the Blue Nile River in Ethiopia. It is one of the largest infrastructure projects in Africa and has been in the news due to its potential impact on regional water resources and geopolitical dynamics.

The Blue Nile River is one of the two major tributaries that form the Nile River, the longest river in the world. The Blue Nile originates from Lake Tana in Ethiopia and merges with the White Nile in Sudan to form the Nile River, which eventually flows through Egypt before emptying into the Mediterranean Sea.

The GERD project aims to harness the power of the Blue Nile River to generate electricity for Ethiopia's growing population and industrial development. Upon completion, it is expected to have a capacity of 6,450 megawatts, making it the largest hydroelectric power plant in Africa and the seventh-largest in the world.

The dam is being constructed in the Benishangul-Gumuz region of Ethiopia, near the border with Sudan. It will have a concrete-faced rockfill dam structure, with a height of 145 meters and a length of approximately 1.8 kilometers.

The GERD project has faced both domestic and international controversy. Ethiopia sees the dam as a symbol of national pride and economic development, as it will provide a significant boost to the country's energy production. However, downstream countries, particularly Sudan and Egypt, have expressed concerns over potential impacts on their water resources.

Sudan and Egypt heavily rely on the Nile River for agriculture, drinking water, and other economic activities. They fear that the dam's construction could reduce their water supply and disrupt the delicate balance of the Nile's flow. Both countries have been engaged in negotiations with Ethiopia to reach a mutually beneficial agreement on the filling and operation of the dam.

In conclusion, the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is located on the Blue Nile River in Ethiopia. It is a significant infrastructure project aimed at harnessing the river's power for electricity generation. The dam's construction has sparked debates and negotiations among Ethiopia, Sudan, and Egypt due to concerns over water availability and the potential impact on downstream countries.