Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz clock frequency. It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency A program consist of 30% branch instruction, control hazards results in 2 clock cycles. Another pipeline x2 with same clock cycle frequency uses branch prediction unit with 80 % efficiency. If prediction is correct then no stall is created and if prediction is wrong then no effect in number of stalls. There is no data hazard or structure hazard in the pipeline what is the speed up achieved using x2 and x1.Correct answer is '1.42'. Can you explain this answer? - EduRev Computer Science Engineering (CSE) Question

Explore Courses Computer... Exam Computer... Test Series Free Notes EduRev Infinity

Open App

Computer Science Engineering (CSE) Exam > Computer Science Engineering (CSE) Questions > Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard R...

Consider processor x₁ with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz clock frequency. It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency A program consist of 30% branch instruction, control hazards results in 2 clock cycles. Another pipeline x₂ with same clock cycle frequency uses branch prediction unit with 80 % efficiency. If prediction is correct then no stall is created and if prediction is wrong then no effect in number of stalls. There is no data hazard or structure hazard in the pipeline what is the speed up achieved using x₂ and x₁.

Correct answer is '1.42'. Can you explain this answer?

Join for Free

Join for Free

Verified Answer

Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz c...

View all questions of this test

Most Upvoted Answer

Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz c...

Speedup Achieved using x2 and x1 Pipeline

To calculate the speedup achieved using the x2 and x1 pipelines, we need to consider the effects of control hazards and branch prediction on the overall performance of the processors.

Processor x1
- Processor x1 has a 5-stage standard RISC pipeline with a clock frequency of 2 GHz.
- It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency.
- The program consists of 30% branch instructions, and control hazards result in 2 clock cycles.

Processor x2
- Processor x2 also has the same clock frequency of 2 GHz.
- It uses a branch prediction unit with 80% efficiency.
- If the prediction is correct, no stall is created.
- If the prediction is wrong, there is no effect on the number of stalls.

Calculating the Speedup

To calculate the speedup achieved by processor x2 compared to x1, we need to consider the number of stalls caused by control hazards in both cases.

Processor x1:
- For every branch instruction, there is a 30% chance of a control hazard, resulting in 2 clock cycles of stall.
- Therefore, the average number of stalls per branch instruction in x1 = 30% * 2 = 0.6 clock cycles per branch instruction.

Processor x2:
- Processor x2 uses branch prediction with 80% efficiency.
- This means that 80% of the time, the prediction will be correct and no stall will be created.
- For the remaining 20% of the time, the prediction will be wrong, but there will be no additional stalls.
- Therefore, the average number of stalls per branch instruction in x2 = 20% * 0 = 0 clock cycles per branch instruction.

Calculating the Speedup Ratio:

The speedup ratio can be calculated using the following formula:

Speedup Ratio = Execution Time of x1 / Execution Time of x2

In this case, we can assume that the execution time of a program is directly proportional to the number of clock cycles required.

Execution Time of x1:
- The execution time of x1 can be calculated by considering the number of instructions and the average number of stalls per branch instruction.
- Let's assume the program has 100 instructions.
- Since 30% of the instructions are branch instructions, the number of branch instructions = 30% of 100 = 30 instructions.
- The total number of clock cycles required by x1 = Number of instructions + (Number of branch instructions * Average number of stalls per branch instruction)
- = 100 + (30 * 0.6) = 100 + 18 = 118 clock cycles.

Execution Time of x2:
- The execution time of x2 can be calculated in the same way as x1, but with zero stalls due to branch prediction.
- The total number of clock cycles required by x2 = Number of instructions + (Number of branch instructions * Average number of stalls per branch instruction)
- = 100 + (30 * 0) = 100 clock cycles.

Calculating the Speedup Ratio:
- Speedup Ratio = Execution Time of x1 / Execution Time of x2
- = 118 / 100

Answered by Gate Gurus · View profile

Answer this doubt

Explore Courses for Computer Science Engineering (CSE) exam

Similar Computer Science Engineering (CSE) Doubts

A processor X1 operating at 2 GHz has a standard 5-stage RISC instruction pipeline having a base CPI (cycles per instruction) of one without any pipeline hazards. For a given program P that has 30% branch instructions, control hazards incur 2 cycles stall for every branch. A new version of the processor X2 operating at same clock frequency has an additional branch predictor unit (BPU) that completely eliminates stalls for correctly predicted branches. There is neither any savings nor any additional stalls for wrong predictions. There are no structural hazards and data hazards for X1 and X2. If the BPU has a prediction accuracy of 80%, the speed up (rounded off to two decimal places) obtained by X2 over X1 in executing P is ______. Correct answer is between '1.42,1.43'. Can you explain this answer?

View answer

The instruction pipeline of a RISC processor has the following stages: Instruction Fetch (IF), Instruction Decode (ID), Operand Fetch (OF), Perform Operation (PO) and Writeback (WB). The IF, ID, OF and WB stages take 1 clock cycle each for every instruction. Consider a sequence of 100 instructions. In the PO stage, 40 instructions take 3 clock cycles each, 35 instructions take 2 clock cycles each, and the remaining 25 instructions take 1 clock cycle each. Assume that there are no data hazards and no control hazards.The number of clock cycles required for completion of execution of the sequence of instructions is ______.

View answer

The instruction pipeline of a RISC processor has the following stages: Instruction Fetch (IF), Instruction Decode (ID), Operand Fetch (OF), Perform Operation (PO) and Writeback (WB), The IF, ID, OF and WB stages take 1 clock cycle each for every instruction. Consider a sequence of 100 instructions. In the PO stage, 40 instructions take 3 clock cycles each, 35 instructions take 2 clock cycles each, and the remaining 25 instructions take 1 clock cycle each. Assume that there are no data hazards and no control hazards. The number of clock cycles required for completion of execution of the sequence of instruction is ______ .Note -This was Numerical Type question.

View answer

Consider a pipelined processor operating at 2 GHZ with 5 stages, Instruction fetch (IF), Instruction decode (ID), Execute (EX), Memory access (MEM), and write back (WB). Each stage of the pipeline, except the EX stage, takes one cycle. The EX takes one cycle for ADD and SUB, three cycles for MUL, two cycles for DIV Instruction.Consider the following instructions:Find, the number of true data dependences in the above code and the execution time using operand forwarding technique respectively is______.

View answer

Consider an instruction pipeline with five stages without any branch prediction: Fetch Instruction (FI), Decode Instruction(DI), Fetch Operand (FO), Execute Instruction (EI) and Write Operand (WO). The stage delays for FI, DI, FO, EI and WO are5 ns, 7 ns, 10 ns, 8 ns and 6 ns, respectively. There are intermediate storage buffers after each stage and the delay of eachbuffer is 1 ns. A program consisting of 12 instructions I1, I2, I3, , I12 is executed in this pipelined processor. Instruction I4is the only branch instruction and its branch target is I9. If the branch is taken during the execution of this program, thetime (in ns) needed to complete the program is

View answer

Top Courses for Computer Science Engineering (CSE)View all

GATE Computer Science Engineering(CSE) 2026 Mock Test Series

Question Bank for GATE Computer Science Engineering

General Aptitude for GATE

Computer Networks

Programming and Data Structures

Top Courses for Computer Science Engineering (CSE)

GATE Computer Science Engineering(CSE) 2026 Mock Test Series

Question Bank for GATE Computer Science Engineering

General Aptitude for GATE

Computer Networks

Programming and Data Structures

View all

Question Description
Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz clock frequency. It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency A program consist of 30% branch instruction, control hazards results in 2 clock cycles. Another pipeline x2 with same clock cycle frequency uses branch prediction unit with 80 % efficiency. If prediction is correct then no stall is created and if prediction is wrong then no effect in number of stalls. There is no data hazard or structure hazard in the pipeline what is the speed up achieved using x2 and x1.Correct answer is '1.42'. Can you explain this answer? for Computer Science Engineering (CSE) 2025 is part of Computer Science Engineering (CSE) preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Computer Science Engineering (CSE) exam syllabus. Information about Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz clock frequency. It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency A program consist of 30% branch instruction, control hazards results in 2 clock cycles. Another pipeline x2 with same clock cycle frequency uses branch prediction unit with 80 % efficiency. If prediction is correct then no stall is created and if prediction is wrong then no effect in number of stalls. There is no data hazard or structure hazard in the pipeline what is the speed up achieved using x2 and x1.Correct answer is '1.42'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Computer Science Engineering (CSE) 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz clock frequency. It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency A program consist of 30% branch instruction, control hazards results in 2 clock cycles. Another pipeline x2 with same clock cycle frequency uses branch prediction unit with 80 % efficiency. If prediction is correct then no stall is created and if prediction is wrong then no effect in number of stalls. There is no data hazard or structure hazard in the pipeline what is the speed up achieved using x2 and x1.Correct answer is '1.42'. Can you explain this answer?.

Solutions for Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz clock frequency. It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency A program consist of 30% branch instruction, control hazards results in 2 clock cycles. Another pipeline x2 with same clock cycle frequency uses branch prediction unit with 80 % efficiency. If prediction is correct then no stall is created and if prediction is wrong then no effect in number of stalls. There is no data hazard or structure hazard in the pipeline what is the speed up achieved using x2 and x1.Correct answer is '1.42'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for Computer Science Engineering (CSE). Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for Computer Science Engineering (CSE) Exam by signing up for free.

Here you can find the meaning of Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz clock frequency. It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency A program consist of 30% branch instruction, control hazards results in 2 clock cycles. Another pipeline x2 with same clock cycle frequency uses branch prediction unit with 80 % efficiency. If prediction is correct then no stall is created and if prediction is wrong then no effect in number of stalls. There is no data hazard or structure hazard in the pipeline what is the speed up achieved using x2 and x1.Correct answer is '1.42'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz clock frequency. It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency A program consist of 30% branch instruction, control hazards results in 2 clock cycles. Another pipeline x2 with same clock cycle frequency uses branch prediction unit with 80 % efficiency. If prediction is correct then no stall is created and if prediction is wrong then no effect in number of stalls. There is no data hazard or structure hazard in the pipeline what is the speed up achieved using x2 and x1.Correct answer is '1.42'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz clock frequency. It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency A program consist of 30% branch instruction, control hazards results in 2 clock cycles. Another pipeline x2 with same clock cycle frequency uses branch prediction unit with 80 % efficiency. If prediction is correct then no stall is created and if prediction is wrong then no effect in number of stalls. There is no data hazard or structure hazard in the pipeline what is the speed up achieved using x2 and x1.Correct answer is '1.42'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz clock frequency. It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency A program consist of 30% branch instruction, control hazards results in 2 clock cycles. Another pipeline x2 with same clock cycle frequency uses branch prediction unit with 80 % efficiency. If prediction is correct then no stall is created and if prediction is wrong then no effect in number of stalls. There is no data hazard or structure hazard in the pipeline what is the speed up achieved using x2 and x1.Correct answer is '1.42'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Consider processor x1 with 5 stage standard RISC pipeline with 2 GHz clock frequency. It requires one clock cycle without any pipeline dependency A program consist of 30% branch instruction, control hazards results in 2 clock cycles. Another pipeline x2 with same clock cycle frequency uses branch prediction unit with 80 % efficiency. If prediction is correct then no stall is created and if prediction is wrong then no effect in number of stalls. There is no data hazard or structure hazard in the pipeline what is the speed up achieved using x2 and x1.Correct answer is '1.42'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice Computer Science Engineering (CSE) tests.