Identifying Components in the Given Sentences:
The given sentences can be broken down into the following components:

1. Subject: 5-year-old children
2. Verb: know, abandoned, expected, took
3. Object: basic things, explanation, them missing, them to an orphanage in Barcelona
4. Adjective: such, basic
5. Adverb: usually, not generally, very soon
6. Preposition: without, in
7. Article: the
8. Pronoun: them

Analysis of the Components:

1. Subject: The subject of the sentences is "5-year-old children." It refers to a group of children who are 5 years old.

2. Verb: The verbs used in the sentences are:
- "know": It indicates the action of having knowledge or awareness.
- "abandoned": It suggests that children are left alone without any explanation or support.
- "expected": It implies that the authorities predicted or anticipated that someone would report the missing children soon.
- "took": It signifies that the police carried or escorted the children to an orphanage in Barcelona.

3. Object: The objects in the sentences are:
- "basic things": It refers to the fundamental or essential aspects that 5-year-old children typically know.
- "explanation": It implies that children are not abandoned without any reason or clarification.
- "them missing": It suggests that the authorities anticipated that someone would report the children as missing.
- "them to an orphanage in Barcelona": It indicates the destination where the police took the children, which is an orphanage located in Barcelona.

4. Adjective: The adjective used in the sentences is "such," which emphasizes the type or quality of basic things that 5-year-old children generally know.

5. Adverb: The adverbs used in the sentences are:
- "usually": It indicates the typical or common behavior of 5-year-old children in knowing basic things.
- "not generally": It suggests that children are not abandoned without any explanation as a general rule.
- "very soon": It implies the expected timeframe for someone to report the missing children.

6. Preposition: The prepositions used in the sentences are:
- "without": It indicates the absence of explanation or support when children are abandoned.
- "in": It specifies the location of the orphanage, which is Barcelona.

7. Article: The definite article "the" is used before "orphanage" to refer to a specific orphanage.

8. Pronoun: The pronoun "them" is used to refer to the 5-year-old children, indicating their presence in the sentences.