Aravalli Mountain Range: The Oldest Mountain Range in India

The correct answer is option 'C', the Aravalli mountain range, which is the oldest mountain range in India. Let's explore why this is the case.

1. Introduction:
India is known for its diverse geography, which includes several mountain ranges. These mountain ranges have played a significant role in shaping the landscape and culture of the country. The Aravalli mountain range is one such range that has a rich geological history.

2. Geological History:
The Aravalli range is believed to have formed during the Proterozoic era, around 2,500 to 2,000 million years ago. It is considered one of the oldest mountain ranges in the world. The range was formed due to intense tectonic activity and the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates.

3. Location and Extent:
The Aravalli range stretches across the states of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, and Delhi. It runs approximately 800 km from southwest to northeast. The range is characterized by its rugged terrain, steep slopes, and rocky outcrops.

4. Erosion and Weathering:
Over millions of years, the Aravalli range has undergone significant erosion and weathering. The once towering peaks have been weathered down, resulting in the relatively lower elevation of the range compared to other mountain ranges in India.

5. Biodiversity and Conservation:
The Aravalli range is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna. It serves as a crucial habitat for several endangered species, including leopards, sloth bears, and Indian Gazelles. Efforts are being made to conserve the biodiversity of the range through various conservation initiatives.

6. Historical Significance:
The Aravalli range holds immense historical and cultural significance. It has been a source of valuable minerals like copper, zinc, and lead, which have been mined for centuries. The range is also dotted with numerous historical sites and forts, reflecting the rich heritage of the region.

7. Comparison with Other Mountain Ranges:
While the Aravalli range is the oldest in India, the Himalayas are the youngest. The Himalayan mountain range was formed due to the ongoing collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates, which is still occurring today. The Vindhyas and Sahyadri ranges are relatively younger as well.

In conclusion, the Aravalli mountain range is the oldest mountain range in India. Its formation dates back millions of years, making it a significant geological feature of the country. Its rich biodiversity, historical significance, and cultural heritage make it a fascinating destination for nature enthusiasts and history buffs alike.