Drawbacks of the existing structure in cooperative federalism:
- Lack of coordination: The current structure of cooperative federalism often lacks proper coordination between the central and state governments. This leads to conflicts and delays in decision-making, hindering the effective implementation of policies and programs.
- Power imbalance: The existing structure often results in a power imbalance, with the central government having more authority and control over resources. This undermines the autonomy of the state governments and limits their ability to address local issues effectively.
- Inefficient resource allocation: The current structure does not always ensure efficient allocation of resources. The central government may prioritize certain projects or regions over others, leading to unequal development and resource distribution across the country.
- Lack of accountability: The complex intergovernmental relations in cooperative federalism often lead to a lack of clear accountability. It becomes challenging to determine who is responsible for policy outcomes and who should be held accountable for any failures or shortcomings.
- Inadequate representation: The existing structure may not adequately represent the diverse needs and aspirations of different states. The central government's policies may not always align with the specific requirements and concerns of individual states, leading to a disconnect between the two levels of government.

Extent to which cooperative federalism would address the shortcomings:
- Enhanced coordination: Cooperative federalism emphasizes greater coordination and collaboration between the central and state governments. This would help overcome conflicts and delays, ensuring better implementation of policies and programs.
- Balanced power sharing: Cooperative federalism seeks to strike a balance between the central and state governments, ensuring greater autonomy for states. This would enable states to address local issues effectively and participate in decision-making processes.
- Efficient resource allocation: Cooperative federalism aims to ensure more efficient allocation of resources by involving state governments in decision-making. This would lead to better prioritization of projects and resources, promoting more equitable development across the country.
- Clear accountability: Cooperative federalism promotes shared responsibility and clear accountability among all levels of government. This would help in identifying the responsible authorities for policy outcomes and holding them accountable for any failures.
- Inclusive representation: Cooperative federalism encourages the representation of diverse voices and perspectives in policy-making. This would ensure that the specific needs and concerns of individual states are taken into account, leading to more inclusive and effective governance.

Overall, cooperative federalism has the potential to address the drawbacks of the existing structure by promoting better coordination, balanced power sharing, efficient resource allocation, clear accountability, and inclusive representation. However, it requires active participation and commitment from both the central and state governments to ensure its successful implementation.