With reference to 17th October 1940 in Indian history, which one of th...
- Subhas Chandra Bose reorganized and revitalized the Indian National Army under Mohan Singh and Major-General Shah Nawaz Khan in Singapore in May 1943. So, Option (a) is not correct.
- On October 17, 1940, Mahatma Gandhi chose Acharya Vinoba Bhave as the first satyagrahi (proponent of satyagraha) to start personal satyagraha (a movement that meant holding to the truth) and Jawaharlal Nehru as the second. The British Colonial government had committed India to the Second World War without the consent of the Indian leaders. To oppose this decision by the foreign government, the Congress party launched individual satyagraha. So, Option (b) is correct.
- Chittaranjan Das formed the Congress-Khilafat-Swaraj Party within the Congress on 31 December 1922. He was aided by Motilal Nehru and Malaviya from UP, Lajpat Rai from Punjab, M. R. Jayakar and VithalbhaiPatel from Gujarat, the ‘Tilak group’ from Bombay and some leaders from south India. It became both a minority faction within the Congress and an independent organization ‘running candidates for legislatures outside the purview of the Congress. The plan, program and constitution of the Swaraj Party (Swarajya Party) were drawn up at its first conference in Allahabad in 1924. Chittaranjan Das became the President of this new party, and Motilal Nehru was one of its secretaries. So, Option (c) is not correct.
- Cripps Mission was sent to India to discuss the British Government’s Draft Declaration on the Constitution of India with representative Indian leaders from all parties. Cripps arrived in Delhi on 22 March 1942, where they discussed the Draft Declaration with many Indian leaders. The Cripps Mission failed, and the issue of India’s constitution was postponed until the end of the war.
Thus, Viceroy Linlithgow announced the Cripps Mission to offer dominion status to India on behalf of British
Parliament in 1942. So, Option (d) is not correct.
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With reference to 17th October 1940 in Indian history, which one of th...
Introduction to the Event
On 17th October 1940, significant developments occurred in Indian history relating to the freedom struggle, particularly involving the concept of Satyagraha.
Correct Statement: Personal Satyagraha
The correct statement regarding this date is:
- Mahatma Gandhi had chosen Acharya Vinoba Bhave as the first satyagrahi to start personal Satyagraha.
Context of Personal Satyagraha
- Aim: The Personal Satyagraha was initiated as a non-violent protest against British rule, specifically to oppose the repressive measures taken by the British government during World War II.
- Gandhi's Strategy: Mahatma Gandhi believed that individual acts of civil disobedience could be more impactful, hence choosing Vinoba Bhave, a prominent follower and social reformer, as the first individual to embody this principle.
Importance of Vinoba Bhave
- Role in the Movement: Vinoba Bhave was a close associate of Gandhi and played a crucial role in promoting non-violence and social reforms.
- Legacy: His selection symbolized the faith Gandhi had in him and highlighted the importance of individual action in the broader context of mass movements.
Other Options Explained
- Option A: Establishment of the Indian National Army by Subash Chandra Bose occurred in 1943, not 1940.
- Option C: The Swaraj Party was established in 1923 by C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru, unrelated to the date in question.
- Option D: The Cripps Mission was announced in March 1942, not in October 1940.
Conclusion
Therefore, option B is the correct answer as it reflects a pivotal moment in the Indian independence movement that occurred on 17th October 1940.