Consider the following statements regardingthe Khilafat movement:1. Sh...
1. Shaukat Ali and Muhammad Ali were the leaders of the Khilafat agitation.
Yes, this statement is correct. Shaukat Ali and Muhammad Ali were prominent leaders of the Khilafat movement. They were brothers and played a crucial role in mobilizing the Muslim community against the British government.
2. The purpose of the movement was to pressure the British government to preserve the authority of Khalifa over the Muslim sacred places in the erstwhile Ottoman empire.
Yes, this statement is correct. The Khilafat movement was launched in India in the aftermath of World War I when the Ottoman Empire, which was seen as the protector of Islam, was dismembered by the victorious Allied powers. The movement aimed to safeguard the position of the Khalifa (the spiritual and political leader of the Muslim world) and protect the Muslim sacred places in the Ottoman Empire, particularly in Mecca and Medina. The Indian Muslims were deeply concerned about the fate of the Khalifa and feared that the British might seize control of these holy sites.
3. Khilafat agitation became part of the Non-Cooperation movement.
Yes, this statement is correct. The Khilafat movement joined forces with Mahatma Gandhi's Non-Cooperation movement, which aimed to resist British colonial rule through nonviolent means. The Khilafat leaders saw an opportunity to leverage their cause and gain support from the larger Indian nationalist movement. The Non-Cooperation movement, which was launched in 1920, advocated for boycotting British institutions, courts, schools, and products. The Khilafat leaders believed that by aligning with the Non-Cooperation movement, they could exert greater pressure on the British government and achieve their objectives.
Therefore, all three statements are correct. Shaukat Ali and Muhammad Ali were indeed the leaders of the Khilafat agitation. The purpose of the movement was to preserve the authority of the Khalifa and protect Muslim sacred places in the Ottoman Empire. Furthermore, the Khilafat agitation became part of the Non-Cooperation movement, allowing the two movements to work together towards their respective goals.
Consider the following statements regardingthe Khilafat movement:1. Sh...
- In 1920 the British imposed a harsh treaty on the Turkish Sultan or Khalifa. People were furious about this as they had been about the Jallianwala massacre. Also, Indian Muslims were keen that the Khalifa be allowed to retain control over Muslim sacred places in the erstwhile Ottoman Empire.
- The Indian Muslims were incensed when they discovered that their loyalty had been purchased during the War by assurances of generous treatment of Turkey after the War - a promise British statesman had no intention of fulfilling. The Muslims regarded the Caliph of Turkey as their spiritual head and were naturally upset when they found that he would retain no control over the holy places in the erstwhile Ottoman Empire, the jazirat-ul-Arab (Arabia, Syria, Iraq and Palestine). The leaders of the Khilafat agitation, Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali, now wished to initiate a full-fledged movement. Hence statements 1 and 2 are correct.
- The Congress supported the movement and Mahatma Gandhi sought to conjoin it to the Non - Cooperation movement. Gandhiji, who had been in close touch with the Khilafat leaders for quite some time, and was a special invitee to the Khilafat Conference in November 1919, had all along been very sympathetic to their cause, especially because he felt the British had committed a breach of faith by making promises that they had no intention of keeping. In February 1920, he suggested to the Khilafat Committee that it adopt a programme of non-violent non-cooperation to protest the Government’s behaviour. On 9 June 1920, the Khilafat Committee at Allahabad unanimously accepted the suggestion of non-cooperation and asked Gandhiji to lead the movement. The movement was launched formally on 1 August 1920. Hence statement 3 is correct.
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