The correct answer is option 'D', Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon.

Explanation:
The development of the first intelligence test can be attributed to the collaborative efforts of Alfred Binet, a French psychologist, and Theodore Simon, a physician.

1. Background:
At the beginning of the 20th century, there was a growing need to identify students who were struggling in school due to intellectual disabilities. Binet and Simon were commissioned by the French government to devise a test that could separate children with intellectual disabilities from those who were simply lagging behind.

2. Development of the test:
Binet and Simon developed the first intelligence test in 1905, known as the Binet-Simon Scale. The test aimed to measure a child's mental age, which is the level of intelligence typically associated with a certain chronological age. They developed a series of tasks and questions of increasing difficulty to assess various cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention, problem-solving, and language skills.

3. Purpose of the test:
The primary purpose of the Binet-Simon Scale was to identify children who needed special educational support. Binet emphasized that the test should not be used to label or categorize individuals but rather to understand their cognitive strengths and weaknesses. The test was intended to be a diagnostic tool to guide appropriate educational interventions.

4. Revisions and further developments:
After Binet's death in 1911, the test underwent several revisions by other psychologists, most notably by Lewis Terman, an American psychologist who developed the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales. Terman's version of the test introduced the concept of intelligence quotient (IQ), which compares an individual's mental age to their chronological age.

5. Impact and legacy:
Binet's pioneering work laid the foundation for modern intelligence testing. His emphasis on understanding individual differences in intelligence and the importance of education in nurturing cognitive abilities significantly influenced the field of psychology. Intelligence tests have since been used worldwide for various purposes, including educational placement, cognitive assessment, and research.

In conclusion, the first intelligence test was developed by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon in 1905. Their Binet-Simon Scale revolutionized the field of psychology and laid the groundwork for subsequent developments in intelligence testing.