¶¶ Below the image of fish because due to refraction of light the fish appears above then its original position.

Refraction of light is the correct answer in this scenario. When light passes from one medium to another, it changes its direction, and this phenomenon is called refraction. This happens because light travels at different speeds in different mediums.

Explanation:
When light travels from one medium (such as air) to another medium (such as water), it changes its direction. This change in direction is due to the change in the speed of light in different mediums. The change in speed occurs because the density of the mediums is different.

When light enters water, it slows down because the density of water is higher than air. As a result, the light waves bend towards the normal (an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface of the water) as they enter the water. Likewise, when light rays exit the water and enter the air again, they speed up and bend away from the normal.

Implications for fish:
Fish have the ability to see objects both above and below the water surface. They have evolved to detect changes in the light and use it to their advantage. When light rays from the surrounding environment enter the water, they undergo refraction. This means that the light rays do not travel in straight lines but bend as they pass from air to water and vice versa.

Anticipating the presence of a hunter:
Due to refraction, fish are able to anticipate the presence of a hunter (such as a bird or a human) that is above the water surface. When a hunter is present, light rays coming from above the water surface are refracted as they enter the water. This causes the image of the hunter to appear closer and slightly displaced from its actual position.

Therefore, fish can perceive the distorted image of the hunter and anticipate its presence. This ability is crucial for their survival as it allows them to react quickly and escape from potential predators.

In summary, refraction of light plays a significant role in the ability of fish to anticipate the presence of a hunter. The bending of light as it enters and exits the water enables fish to perceive the distorted image of the hunter and react accordingly.