Dualism Theories:

1. Substance Dualism:
- Characteristics: Substance dualism posits that the mind and body are composed of different substances, with the mind being non-physical and the body being physical.
- Assumptions: It assumes that the mind and body are separate entities that interact with each other, but are fundamentally distinct.

2. Property Dualism:
- Characteristics: Property dualism suggests that while the mind and body may be part of the same substance, they have distinct properties or characteristics.
- Assumptions: It assumes that mental properties (such as consciousness or emotions) cannot be reduced to physical properties, and therefore the mind cannot be fully explained by physical processes alone.

3. Epistemological Dualism:
- Characteristics: Epistemological dualism focuses on the distinction between the mind's capacity for knowledge and the body's interaction with the external world.
- Assumptions: It assumes that there are two separate ways of knowing or understanding the world - one through rational thought and the other through sensory experience.

4. Moral Dualism:
- Characteristics: Moral dualism suggests a fundamental distinction between good and evil, right and wrong, or other moral opposites.
- Assumptions: It assumes that there are inherent moral principles that govern human behavior and that these principles are separate from physical or empirical realities.