The amino acid Selenocysteine (Sec) is incorporated into polypeptide chain during translation by:a)charging of Sec into tRNAsec followed by incorporation through serine codon.b)charging of serine into tRNAsec followed by modification of serine into Selenocysteine and then incorporation through serine codon.c)charging of Secinto tRNAsec and then incorporation through Selenocysteine codond)charging of serine tRNAser with selenocysteine followed by modification of Selenocysteine specific tRNA synthetase and then incorporation through a specially placed stop codon.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

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The amino acid Selenocysteine (Sec) is incorporated into polypeptide chain during translation by

a)
charging of Sec into tRNA^sec followed by incorporation through serine codon.
b)
charging of serine
into

tRNA
sec

followed by modification of serine into Selenocysteine and then incorporation through serine codon.
c)
charging of Sec into tRNA
sec
and then incorporation through Selenocysteine codon
d)
charging of serine tRNA
ser
with selenocysteine followed by modification of Selenocysteine specific tRNA synthetase and then incorporation through a specially placed stop codon.

Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

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The amino acid Selenocysteine (Sec) is incorporated into polypeptide c...

Concept:

Selenocysteine (Sec) is not one of the standard 20 amino acids and yet it is incorporated into a few rare proteins during translation of the mRNA by the ribosome.
This occurs both in bacteria and in eukaryotes, including humans.

Explanation:

The amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) is incorporated into a polypeptide chain during translation by a unique mechanism involving a specialized tRNA molecule called selenocysteine tRNA (tRNA^[Ser]Sec).
This process requires specific cis-acting RNA elements in the mRNA, known as selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) elements.
The incorporation of selenocysteine occurs in response to a specific codon, which is the UGA codon. Normally, UGA serves as a stop codon, signaling the termination of translation. However, in the presence of a SECIS element in the mRNA and specific trans-acting factors, the UGA codon can be redefined as a selenocysteine codon.
The process involves several steps:
- The selenocysteine residue is first activated by attaching it to a specific tRNA molecule called serine tRNA (tRNA^[Ser]) through the action of an enzyme called selenocysteine synthase.
- This forms an aminoacyl-tRNA intermediate.
- The aminoacyl-tRNA molecule is then converted to selenocysteine-tRNA (tRNA^[Ser]Sec) through the action of an enzyme called selenocysteine-specific tRNA synthetase.
- This specialized tRNA recognizes the UGA codon and carries selenocysteine.
- Within the ribosome, during translation, the selenocysteine-tRNA (tRNA^[Ser]Sec) binds to the UGA codon in the mRNA with the help of specific trans-acting factors, including a protein called selenocysteine-specific elongation factor.
- This prevents the termination of translation at the UGA codon.
- The polypeptide chain continues to elongate, and the selenocysteine residue is incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain at the site of the UGA codon.
The incorporation of selenocysteine into polypeptides is a complex and tightly regulated process that ensures the accurate synthesis of selenoproteins, which are proteins containing selenocysteine residues.
Selenoproteins have important roles in various biological processes, including antioxidant defense, thyroid hormone metabolism, and redox regulation.

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The amino acid Selenocysteine (Sec) is incorporated into polypeptide chain during translation by:a)charging of Sec into tRNAsec followed by incorporation through serine codon.b)charging of serine into tRNAsec followed by modification of serine into Selenocysteine and then incorporation through serine codon.c)charging of Secinto tRNAsec and then incorporation through Selenocysteine codond)charging of serine tRNAser with selenocysteine followed by modification of Selenocysteine specific tRNA synthetase and then incorporation through a specially placed stop codon.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

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The amino acid Selenocysteine (Sec) is incorporated into polypeptide chain during translation by:a)charging of Sec into tRNAsec followed by incorporation through serine codon.b)charging of serine into tRNAsec followed by modification of serine into Selenocysteine and then incorporation through serine codon.c)charging of Secinto tRNAsec and then incorporation through Selenocysteine codond)charging of serine tRNAser with selenocysteine followed by modification of Selenocysteine specific tRNA synthetase and then incorporation through a specially placed stop codon.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for Software Development 2025 is part of Software Development preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the Software Development exam syllabus. Information about The amino acid Selenocysteine (Sec) is incorporated into polypeptide chain during translation by:a)charging of Sec into tRNAsec followed by incorporation through serine codon.b)charging of serine into tRNAsec followed by modification of serine into Selenocysteine and then incorporation through serine codon.c)charging of Secinto tRNAsec and then incorporation through Selenocysteine codond)charging of serine tRNAser with selenocysteine followed by modification of Selenocysteine specific tRNA synthetase and then incorporation through a specially placed stop codon.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for Software Development 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for The amino acid Selenocysteine (Sec) is incorporated into polypeptide chain during translation by:a)charging of Sec into tRNAsec followed by incorporation through serine codon.b)charging of serine into tRNAsec followed by modification of serine into Selenocysteine and then incorporation through serine codon.c)charging of Secinto tRNAsec and then incorporation through Selenocysteine codond)charging of serine tRNAser with selenocysteine followed by modification of Selenocysteine specific tRNA synthetase and then incorporation through a specially placed stop codon.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.

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