Indian Constitution

The Indian Constitution is the supreme law of the country, which lays down the framework that defines the political principles, establishes the structure, procedures, powers, and duties of the government institutions, and sets out the fundamental rights, directive principles, and duties of citizens. It was adopted on 26th November 1949 and came into effect on 26th January 1950.

Key points:
- The Constitution of India is the lengthiest written constitution in the world.
- It is a blend of flexibility and rigidity, providing for amendments to meet the changing needs of society while also preserving its core principles.
- The Constitution is divided into several parts, including the Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, and Fundamental Duties.

Revolt of 1857

The Revolt of 1857, also known as the First War of Independence, was a significant event in Indian history against British colonial rule. It began as a mutiny of sepoys in the British East India Company's army but soon escalated into a widespread rebellion against British authority.

Key points:
- The revolt was sparked by various factors, including discontent among Indian soldiers, economic exploitation, social and religious grievances, and the introduction of new laws that offended Indian sentiments.
- The revolt spread across northern and central India, involving both soldiers and civilians in a united front against British rule.
- Though the revolt was eventually suppressed by the British, it marked the beginning of the end of the East India Company's rule and led to the direct administration of India by the British Crown.

Natural Resources

Natural resources are materials or substances that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain. These resources are classified into renewable and non-renewable resources based on their availability and ability to replenish over time.

Key points:
- Examples of natural resources include water, air, minerals, forests, wildlife, and energy sources like coal, oil, and gas.
- Sustainable use of natural resources is essential to ensure their availability for future generations and to prevent environmental degradation.
- Conservation and management of natural resources are crucial to maintaining ecological balance and promoting sustainable development.