Longitude and Latitude in Geography
Latitude and longitude are geographical coordinates used to pinpoint a location on the Earth's surface. Here's a detailed explanation of these concepts:

Latitude
- Latitude lines run parallel to the equator, which is the imaginary line that divides the Earth into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
- The equator is at 0 degrees latitude, with lines of latitude extending up to 90 degrees north (N) and 90 degrees south (S) from the equator.
- Latitudes help determine how far north or south a location is from the equator and are measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds.

Longitude
- Longitude lines run from the North Pole to the South Pole and are known as meridians.
- The Prime Meridian, located at 0 degrees longitude, divides the Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
- Longitude lines are measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds, with values ranging from 0 to 180 degrees east (E) and west (W) of the Prime Meridian.

Significance
- Latitude and longitude coordinates are crucial for navigation, map-making, and determining time zones.
- They enable precise location identification, aiding in everything from global positioning systems (GPS) to weather forecasting.
In conclusion, latitude and longitude are fundamental concepts in geography that play a vital role in accurately pinpointing any location on Earth's surface. Understanding these coordinates is essential for various fields, including navigation, cartography, and meteorology.