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3. What characteristics do you identify as changes that may occur when an automobile manufacturing company moves from short to long run?
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3. What characteristics do you identify as changes that may occur when...
Changes in Characteristics from Short to Long Run for an Automobile Manufacturing Company:
1. Technology and Innovation:
- In the short run, automobile companies may focus on immediate production needs with existing technology. However, in the long run, they may invest in research and development to improve technology and innovate new products to stay competitive.
2. Economies of Scale:
- Short-run production may limit the company's ability to benefit from economies of scale. Moving to the long run allows the company to expand production, reduce average costs, and increase efficiency.
3. Market Penetration:
- Over time, an automobile company may penetrate new markets or expand its customer base in the long run. This could involve developing new distribution channels or targeting different customer segments.
4. Product Diversification:
- While short-run production may focus on a few core products, the long run allows for diversification into new product lines or variations to meet changing consumer demands.
5. Supply Chain Management:
- As an automobile company moves from short to long run, they may need to reevaluate and optimize their supply chain to support increased production capacity and meet growing demand efficiently.
6. Brand Building:
- Long-run strategies often involve investing in brand building and marketing efforts to establish a strong brand presence in the market, attract loyal customers, and differentiate from competitors.
7. Sustainability and CSR:
- With a long-term perspective, automobile companies may prioritize sustainability initiatives and corporate social responsibility efforts to align with changing consumer preferences and global environmental concerns.
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Read the information given below carefully and answer the following question.Change is over-rated, anyway. Consider the automobiles. It’s an especially valuable example, because the auto industry has spent tens of billions of dollars on research and product development in the last 100 years. Henry ford’s first car had a metal chassis with an internal combustion, gasoline-powered engine. Four wheels with rubber tyres, a foot operated clutch assembly and brake system, a steering wheel, and four seats, and it could safely do 18 miles per hour. A hundred years and tens of thousands of research hours later, we drive cars with a metal chassis with an internal combustion, gasoline powered engine, four wheels with rubber tyres, a foot operated clutch assembly and brake system, a steering wheel, four seats-and the average speed in London in 2001 was 17.5 miles per hour! That’s not a hell of a lot of return for the money. Ford evidently doesn’t have much to teach us about change. The fact that they are still manufacturing cars is not proof that it takes very large companies to make cars in great quantities- making for an almost impregnable entry barrier. Fifty years after the development of the jet engine, planes are also little changed. They’ve grown bigger, wider and carry more people. But those are incremental, largely cosmetic changes. Taken together, this lack of real change has to come to mean that in travel – whether driving or flying – time and technology have not combined to make things much better. The safety and design have of course accompanied the times and the new volumeof cars and flights, but nothing of any significance has changed in the basic assumptions of the final product.Q.Which of the following best describes one of the main ideas discussed in the passage?

Change is over-rated, anyway. Consider the automobiles. It’s an especially valuable example, because the auto industry has spent tens of billions of dollars on research and product development in the last 100 years. Henry ford’s first car had a metal chassis with an internal combustion, gasoline-powered engine. Four wheels with rubber tyres, a foot operated clutch assembly and brake system, a steering wheel, and four seats, and it could safely do 18 miles per hour. A hundred years and tens of thousands of research hours later, we drive cars with a metal chassis with an internal combustion, gasoline powered engine, four wheels with rubber tyres, a foot operated clutch assembly and brake system, a steering wheel, four seats-and the average speed in London in 2001 was 17.5 miles per hour! That’s not a hell of a lot of return for the money. Ford evidently doesn’t have much to teach us about change. The fact that they are still manufacturing cars is not proof that it takes very large companies to make cars in great quantities- making for an almost impregnable entry barrier. Fifty years after the development of the jet engine, planes are also little changed. They’ve grown bigger, wider and carry more people. But those are incremental, largely cosmetic changes. Taken together, this lack of real change has to come to mean that in travel – whether driving or flying – time and technology have not combined to make things much better. The safety and design have of course accompanied the times and the new volumeof cars and flights, but nothing of any significance has changed in the basic assumptions of the final product.Q.According to the passage, which of the following statement is true?

Read the information given below carefully and answer the following question.Change is over-rated, anyway. Consider the automobiles. It’s an especially valuable example, because the auto industry has spent tens of billions of dollars on research and product development in the last 100 years. Henry ford’s first car had a metal chassis with an internal combustion, gasoline-powered engine. Four wheels with rubber tyres, a foot operated clutch assembly and brake system, a steering wheel, and four seats, and it could safely do 18 miles per hour. A hundred years and tens of thousands of research hours later, we drive cars with a metal chassis with an internal combustion, gasoline powered engine, four wheels with rubber tyres, a foot operated clutch assembly and brake system, a steering wheel, four seats-and the average speed in London in 2001 was 17.5 miles per hour! That’s not a hell of a lot of return for the money. Ford evidently doesn’t have much to teach us about change. The fact that they are still manufacturing cars is not proof that it takes very large companies to make cars in great quantities- making for an almost impregnable entry barrier. Fifty years after the development of the jet engine, planes are also little changed. They’ve grown bigger, wider and carry more people. But those are incremental, largely cosmetic changes. Taken together, this lack of real change has to come to mean that in travel – whether driving or flying – time and technology have not combined to make things much better. The safety and design have of course accompanied the times and the new volumeof cars and flights, but nothing of any significance has changed in the basic assumptions of the final product.Q.Which of the following views does the author fully support in the passage?

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3. What characteristics do you identify as changes that may occur when an automobile manufacturing company moves from short to long run?
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