Social Conditions:
- The 18th century in India was marked by a rigid social hierarchy based on the caste system.
- Society was divided into four main varnas - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras - with limited mobility between them.
- The majority of the population belonged to the lower castes and faced discrimination and social exclusion.
- Women were often subjected to patriarchy and had limited rights and opportunities.

Economic Conditions:
- India was primarily an agrarian economy in the 18th century, with agriculture being the main source of livelihood for the majority of the population.
- The economy was largely dependent on traditional methods of production and trade.
- The Indian subcontinent was a hub of trade and commerce, attracting merchants from different parts of the world.
- The East India Company established its presence in India during this period, leading to significant changes in the economic landscape.

Political Conditions:
- The 18th century saw the decline of the Mughal Empire, which had been ruling India for centuries.
- The emergence of regional powers and the rise of independent kingdoms led to political fragmentation.
- European powers, particularly the British, French, and Portuguese, started establishing their foothold in India through trade and alliances with local rulers.
- Political instability, conflicts between different kingdoms, and external invasions were common during this period.