Dividing Medieval History for UPSC Civils IAS:
Medieval history is an important segment of the UPSC Civil Services examination as it covers a significant period in Indian history. Here's how you can divide medieval history for your UPSC preparation:

Early Medieval Period (8th to 12th century):
- The early medieval period saw the rise of various dynasties such as the Cholas, Chalukyas, and Pallavas.
- The period also witnessed the spread of Buddhism and Jainism.
- Significant events include the Arab Invasions, the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate, and the Bhakti movement.

Delhi Sultanate (13th to 16th century):
- The Delhi Sultanate was established by various dynasties such as the Mamluks, Khaljis, Tughlaqs, and Lodis.
- This period saw the integration of Indian and Islamic cultures, architectural marvels like the Qutub Minar, and the spread of Sufism.

Vijayanagara and Bahmani Kingdoms:
- The Vijayanagara Empire and the Bahmani Sultanate were prominent kingdoms in South India during the medieval period.
- The Vijayanagara Empire was known for its administrative efficiency, while the Bahmani Sultanate was a significant center of Islamic culture.

Mughal Empire (16th to 18th century):
- The Mughal Empire, founded by Babur, witnessed the reign of illustrious rulers like Akbar, Jahangir, and Shah Jahan.
- The period is known for its architectural wonders like the Taj Mahal, administrative reforms, and the integration of Indian and Persian cultures.
By dividing medieval history into these key periods, you can effectively cover the important aspects of this era for the UPSC Civil Services examination.