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Because C - horizon is just above the bedrock which is made of rocks and thus weathering takes place in the C - horizon.

The Correct Answer is B) C-horizon

Explanation:

The process of soil formation is known as soil weathering. It involves the breakdown of rocks and minerals into smaller particles over time. This process is responsible for the development of different horizons or layers in the soil profile.

The soil profile consists of several layers, each with distinct characteristics and properties. These layers are known as horizons. The O-horizon is the topmost layer of the soil profile, composed of organic matter such as decomposed leaves and plant materials. The A-horizon is the layer below the O-horizon, also known as the topsoil. It contains a mixture of organic matter, minerals, and microorganisms. The B-horizon is the layer below the A-horizon, and it is commonly referred to as the subsoil. It has a higher concentration of minerals and less organic matter compared to the A-horizon. The C-horizon is the layer below the B-horizon and is composed of weathered parent material, which is the source of the soil.

Red soil, also known as laterite soil, is a type of soil that is commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions. It gets its characteristic red color from the presence of iron oxide minerals. The weathering process that leads to the formation of red soil occurs primarily in the C-horizon.

Key Points:
- Soil weathering is the process of rock and mineral breakdown, leading to the formation of soil.
- The soil profile consists of different layers or horizons, including the O-horizon, A-horizon, B-horizon, and C-horizon.
- Red soil, or laterite soil, is found in tropical and subtropical regions and has a characteristic red color due to iron oxide minerals.
- The weathering process that results in the formation of red soil primarily occurs in the C-horizon, which is the layer below the B-horizon.
- The C-horizon is composed of weathered parent material, which is the source of the soil.
- The A-horizon, or topsoil, contains a mixture of organic matter, minerals, and microorganisms and is located above the B-horizon.
- The B-horizon, or subsoil, has a higher concentration of minerals and less organic matter compared to the A-horizon.
- The O-horizon, or organic layer, is the topmost layer of the soil profile and consists of decomposed leaves and plant materials.