Introduction:
"The Portrait of a Lady" is a chapter from the Class 11 English CBSE syllabus, focusing on the complexities of human relationships and the impact of societal norms on individual freedom.

Summary:
- The chapter revolves around the protagonist, Isabel Archer, a young American woman who is determined to live life on her own terms.
- Isabel's journey takes her to Europe, where she encounters various characters who influence her decisions and shape her future.
- The chapter explores themes of love, betrayal, freedom, and societal expectations through Isabel's relationships with Gilbert Osmond and Madame Merle.

Character Analysis:
- Isabel Archer: A strong-willed and independent woman who struggles to balance her desire for freedom with societal expectations.
- Gilbert Osmond: A manipulative and controlling suitor who marries Isabel for her money and social status.
- Madame Merle: A cunning and deceptive woman who orchestrates Isabel's marriage to Gilbert Osmond for her own gain.

Themes:
- Freedom vs. Conformity: Isabel's desire for independence clashes with the societal pressures to conform to traditional roles.
- Betrayal and Manipulation: The characters in the chapter manipulate and betray each other for personal gain, highlighting the darker aspects of human nature.
- Love and Sacrifice: The chapter explores the sacrifices individuals make for love, as well as the consequences of choosing love over personal freedom.

Conclusion:
"The Portrait of a Lady" is a thought-provoking chapter that delves into the complexities of human relationships and the impact of societal norms on individual freedom. Isabel Archer's journey serves as a cautionary tale about the consequences of sacrificing one's autonomy for the sake of societal expectations.