MCQs from NCERT Textbook:
- What is the world population estimated to reach by the year 2050?
- What is the concept of population distribution?
- What is the term used to describe the average number of people in a square kilometre?
- Which continent has the highest population density?
- What is the sex ratio?
- What is the dependency ratio?

Explanation:

World Population Projection:
The world population is estimated to reach 9.6 billion by the year 2050 according to the United Nations.

Population Distribution:
Population distribution refers to the way people are spread across the Earth's surface. It can be influenced by factors such as climate, resources, and geographical features.

Population Density:
Population density is the average number of people living in a square kilometre of land. It is calculated by dividing the total population of an area by its land area.

Highest Population Density:
Asia is the continent with the highest population density, with countries like India and China having large populations concentrated in relatively small areas.

Sex Ratio:
The sex ratio is the number of males per 1000 females in a population. It is an important demographic indicator that can provide insights into social and economic dynamics.

Dependency Ratio:
The dependency ratio is the ratio of the economically dependent population (children and elderly) to the economically active population (working-age adults). It is used to assess the level of support that the economically active population must provide to dependents.