Border Dispute:
India and China have a longstanding border dispute, mainly focused on the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in the Himalayan region. The two countries have different perceptions of where the actual border lies, leading to occasional skirmishes and standoffs between their respective militaries.

Trade Imbalance:
India has a significant trade deficit with China, with Chinese imports far outweighing Indian exports. This has been a point of contention, as India seeks to address the trade imbalance and promote its own manufacturing sector.

Strategic Influence:
China's increasing presence in South Asia, particularly through its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), has raised concerns in India about Beijing's growing strategic influence in the region. This has led to tensions between the two countries as India seeks to assert its own influence in the region.

Territorial Claims:
Aside from the border dispute, China's claims over the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh have been a source of tension between the two countries. China refers to the state as "South Tibet" and has occasionally raised objections to Indian activities in the region.

Water Security:
The construction of dams and other water infrastructure by China on rivers that flow into India has raised concerns about water security in India. This has been a contentious issue between the two countries, as India seeks to ensure access to water resources for its population.
In conclusion, the major disputes between India and China revolve around border issues, trade imbalances, strategic influence, territorial claims, and water security. These disputes have led to tensions between the two countries and continue to shape their bilateral relations.