To convert direct speech to indirect speech, we need to follow specific grammatical rules. Here’s a detailed explanation of how to transform the given sentence:

Understanding Direct Speech
- Direct speech involves quoting a person's exact words, as in the example: "You are very sad."


Converting to Indirect Speech
- When converting to indirect speech, we rephrase the statement without quoting the speaker directly.

Key Steps in Conversion
1. **Remove Quotation Marks**: Eliminate the quotation marks around the spoken words.
2. **Change the Pronouns**: Adjust the pronouns to fit the context. "You" becomes "I" when transformed from Kannu's perspective to the narrator's.
3. **Adjust the Verb Tense**: The present tense "are" changes to "were" to reflect a shift in time when reporting the speech.
4. **Introduce Reporting Verb**: Use a reporting verb like "said" to indicate who is speaking.

Final Indirect Speech
- Following these steps, the indirect speech version of the original sentence is:
"Kannu said to me that I was very sad."

Summary of Changes
- **Pronouns**: "You" → "I"
- **Tense**: "are" → "were"
- **Structure**: Add "that" after the reporting verb.
By understanding these rules, you can effectively convert sentences from direct to indirect speech while maintaining the original meaning. This skill is particularly useful for exams like UPSC, where clarity and precision in language are essential.