Overview of Coastal Flooding by 2100
Coastal flooding is expected to be a significant concern by 2100, even under low emissions scenarios. The projected increase in coastal flooding is largely influenced by a combination of sea-level rise and extreme weather events.

Key Factors Contributing to Coastal Flooding
- Sea-Level Rise: Due to climate change, global temperatures are rising, leading to the melting of ice sheets and glaciers, which contributes to higher sea levels.
- Increased Storm Intensity: Even with low emissions, climate change is likely to exacerbate the intensity of storms, leading to more severe flooding during storm surges.
- Land Subsidence: In some regions, the natural sinking of land can compound the effects of rising sea levels, increasing the risk of flooding.

Projected Increases in Flooding
- Impact on Populations: Studies suggest that coastal flooding could increase by approximately 99% by 2100, impacting millions of people living in vulnerable coastal areas.
- Infrastructure Risks: Increased flooding poses significant risks to coastal infrastructure, including homes, roads, and utilities, necessitating investments in adaptation and resilience strategies.
- Economic Consequences: The economic implications of increased flooding are profound, potentially leading to billions in damages and losses, affecting local and global economies.

Conclusion
The expectation of a 99% increase in coastal flooding by 2100, even with low emissions, emphasizes the urgency of addressing climate change impacts and highlights the need for proactive measures in coastal management and urban planning.