The concept of longitude and latitude is fundamental in understanding geographical locations on Earth. Here’s a detailed explanation of these coordinates:

What is Latitude?
- Latitude measures how far north or south a location is from the Equator.
- It is expressed in degrees, ranging from 0° at the Equator to 90° at the poles.
- Lines of latitude are parallel to each other and run east-west.

What is Longitude?
- Longitude measures how far east or west a location is from the Prime Meridian, which is 0° longitude.
- It ranges from 0° to 180° both east and west.
- Lines of longitude converge at the poles and are widest at the Equator.

Understanding Coordinates
- Coordinates are given in the format of (latitude, longitude).
- For example, coordinates of New Delhi, India are approximately (28.6139° N, 77.2090° E).
- The first number is the latitude (N for north, S for south) and the second is the longitude (E for east, W for west).

Importance in Navigation and Mapping
- Longitude and latitude are crucial for navigation, allowing for precise location tracking.
- They are used in various mapping systems, including GPS technology.
- Understanding these coordinates is vital for fields such as geography, aviation, and maritime navigation.

Conclusion
- Mastering the concepts of longitude and latitude is essential for anyone interested in geography, travel, or navigation.
- These coordinates serve as the basis for understanding our planet's layout and are indispensable in the modern world.