The Road to Independence of Uganda
The journey to Uganda's independence was marked by significant political developments and social changes. Below are the key phases:
Colonial Rule and Resistance
- Uganda became a British Protectorate in 1894.
- Initial resistance came from local leaders and communities, notably the Baganda.
- The British employed indirect rule, which intensified ethnic divisions.
Formation of Political Movements
- In the 1940s, political awareness grew, leading to the formation of parties.
- The Uganda National Congress (UNC) was established in 1952, advocating for self-rule.
- The Kabaka Yekka party emerged, representing the interests of the Buganda Kingdom.
Constitutional Developments
- The 1955 Buganda Agreement granted limited autonomy to Buganda, fueling nationalist sentiments.
- A series of constitutional conferences began in 1960, discussing self-governance.
Path to Independence
- In 1961, Uganda held its first democratic elections, leading to the formation of a government.
- The Uganda People's Congress (UPC) won, with Milton Obote as Prime Minister.
- Negotiations with the British culminated in the attainment of independence.
Independence Achieved
- Uganda gained independence on October 9, 1962.
- The first constitution established a parliamentary system, but political instability soon followed.
Post-Independence Challenges
- Following independence, Uganda faced ethnic tensions and political strife.
- The overthrow of Obote in 1966 marked the beginning of a turbulent era under Idi Amin.
This summary outlines Uganda’s complex path to independence, highlighting the interplay of local politics, colonial strategies, and the quest for self-governance.