Assertion (A): The decline of the Harappan civilization is attributed ...
- The Assertion is true because the decline was indeed influenced by various factors, including environmental shifts.
- The Reason is also true, as climatic changes would have adversely impacted agricultural productivity.
- The Reason effectively explains the Assertion, as agriculture is a vital component contributing to the civilization's sustainability.
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Assertion (A): The decline of the Harappan civilization is attributed ...
The Decline of the Harappan Civilization
The decline of the Harappan civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, is a topic of considerable scholarly interest. The statement presented in the assertion and reason highlights the complexity of this decline.
Assertion (A) Explained
- The Harappan civilization declined around 1900 BCE, and various environmental and social factors contributed to this decline.
- Key factors include:
- Climate Change: Evidence suggests significant shifts in climate that led to reduced rainfall and altered river patterns.
- Agricultural Stress: The reliance on agriculture meant that climatic changes critically affected food production.
- Social Factors: Possible social unrest, trade disruptions, and the movement of peoples may have exacerbated the situation.
Reason (R) Explained
- The reason provided indicates that climatic changes had a substantial impact on agriculture, which is true.
- These changes likely resulted in droughts and the depletion of river resources, directly affecting crop yields and food availability.
Relationship Between Assertion and Reason
- The reason (R) offers an explanation for one of the key elements mentioned in the assertion (A).
- The climatic shifts impacting agriculture were indeed one of the multiple factors leading to the civilization's decline, supporting the assertion directly.
Conclusion
Given that both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason accurately explains the assertion, the correct answer is option 'A'. The interplay of environmental changes and social dynamics ultimately led to the decline of this once-thriving civilization.