Introduction
When dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to iron fillings, a chemical reaction occurs, resulting in the formation of iron chloride and hydrogen gas. This experiment demonstrates the reactivity of iron with acids.
Reaction Process
- Chemical Reaction: The reaction can be summarized by the equation:
Iron (Fe) + Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) → Iron Chloride (FeCl2) + Hydrogen Gas (H2)
- Observation:
- Bubbles of gas are observed as hydrogen is released.
- The iron fillings gradually dissolve, indicating the reaction is taking place.
Reaction Mechanism
- Acid-Base Reaction:
- Iron acts as a reducing agent, reacting with the hydrogen ions (H+) from the acid.
- Formation of Products:
- Iron chloride is formed in solution, giving the mixture a yellowish color.
Safety Precautions
- Protective Gear: Always wear gloves and goggles when handling acids.
- Ventilation: Conduct the reaction in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhaling any gas produced.
Conclusion
The addition of dilute hydrochloric acid to iron fillings is a classic demonstration of an acid-metal reaction, showcasing the reactivity of iron and the production of hydrogen gas. This reaction not only highlights fundamental chemical principles but also serves as an engaging experiment in educational settings.

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